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We study reflection principles of Peano Arithmetic PA which are based on both proof and provability. Any such reflection principle in PA is equivalent to either $\Box P\!\rightarrow\! P$ ($\Box P$ stands for `$P$ is provable') or $\Box^k…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-05-13 Elena Nogina

We consider extensions of the language of Peano arithmetic by transfinitely iterated truth definitions satisfying uniform Tarskian biconditionals. Without further axioms, such theories are known to be conservative extensions of the original…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Lev D. Beklemishev , Fedor N. Pakhomov

Frege's theorem says that second-order Peano arithmetic is interpretable in Hume's Principle and full impredicative comprehension. Hume's Principle is one example of an abstraction principle, while another paradigmatic example is Basic Law…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-11-16 Sean Walsh

We show that arithmetical transfinite recursion is equivalent to a suitable formalization of the following: For every ordinal $\alpha$ there exists an ordinal $\beta$ such that $1+\beta\cdot(\beta+\alpha)$ (ordinal arithmetic) admits an…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Anton Freund

We consider fragments of uniform reflection for formulas in the analytic hierarchy over theories of second order arithmetic. The main result is that for any second order arithmetic theory $T_0$ extending ${\sf RCA}_0$ and axiomatizable by a…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Emanuele Frittaion

By affine arithmetic is meant the set of affine consequences of Peano arithmetic. This is a continuous theory which is studied in the framework of affine logic, a sublogic of continuous logic. Affine arithmetic is undecidable. Also, its…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Seyed-Mohammad Bagheri

The aim of this work is to show that contemporary mathematics, including Peano arithmetic, is inconsistent, to construct firm foundations for mathematics, and to begin building on these foundations.

Logic · Mathematics 2015-10-01 Edward Nelson

General mathematical reasoning is computationally undecidable, but humans routinely solve new problems. Moreover, discoveries developed over centuries are taught to subsequent generations quickly. What structure enables this, and how might…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Gabriel Poesia , Noah D. Goodman

The present paper shows meta-programming turn programming, which is rich enough to express arbitrary arithmetic computations. We demonstrate a type system that implements Peano arithmetics, slightly generalized to negative numbers. Certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Oleg Kiselyov

In this paper we give an overview of an essential part of a Pi^0_1 ordinal analysis of Peano Arithmetic (PA) as presented by Beklemishev. This analysis is mainly performed within the polymodal provability logic GLP. We reflect on ways of…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-12-12 J. J. Joosten

We present an alternative cyclic proof system for Peano arithmetic that could be simpler than the existing ones and well-adapted both for proof analysis and for automatizing inductive proof search. In addition, we will show how various…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-02-11 Lev D. Beklemishev , Daniyar S. Shamkanov , Ivan N. Smirnov

We prove that the theory of the extensional compositional truth predicate for the language of arithmetic with $\Delta_0$-induction scheme for the truth predicate and the full arithmetical induction scheme is not conservative over Peano…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Mateusz Łełyk , Bartosz Wcisło

Induction is typically formalized as a rule or axiom extension of the LK-calculus. While this extension of the sequent calculus is simple and elegant, proof transformation and analysis can be quite difficult. Theories with an induction…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-04-03 David M. Cerna , Anela Lolic

The predicate complementary to the well-known Godel's provability predicate is defined. From its recursiveness new consequences concerning the incompleteness argumentation are drawn and extended to new results of consistency, completeness…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Paola Cattabriga

We describe a "slow" version of the hierarchy of uniform reflection principles over Peano Arithmetic ($\mathbf{PA}$). These principles are unprovable in Peano Arithmetic (even when extended by usual reflection principles of lower…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-06 Anton Freund

This paper presents two types of results related to hyperarithmetic analysis. First, we introduce new variants of the dependent choice axiom, namely $\mathrm{unique}~\Pi^1_0(\mathrm{resp.}~\Sigma^1_1)\text{-}\mathsf{DC}_0$ and…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Koki Hashimoto

The reflection principle is the statement that if a sentence is provable then it is true. Reflection principles have been studied for first-order theories, but they also play an important role in propositional proof complexity. In this…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-07-30 Pavel Pudlák

This paper presents a formal theory of Krivine's classical realisability interpretation for first-order Peano arithmetic ($\mathsf{PA}$). To formulate the theory as an extension of $\mathsf{PA}$, we first modify Krivine's original…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Daichi Hayashi , Graham E. Leigh

Strictly positive logics recently attracted attention both in the description logic and in the provability logic communities for their combination of efficiency and sufficient expressivity. The language of Reflection Calculus RC consists of…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Lev D. Beklemishev

Predicative analysis of recursion schema is a method to characterize complexity classes like the class FPTIME of polynomial time computable functions. This analysis comes from the works of Bellantoni and Cook, and Leivant by data tiering.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Jean-Yves Marion
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