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This is a survey of results on definability and undefinability in models of arithmetic. The goal is to present a stark difference between undefinability results in the standard model and much stronger versions about expansions of…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-04-17 Roman Kossak

One of the elegant achievements in the history of proof theory is the characterization of the provably total recursive functions of an arithmetical theory by its proof-theoretic ordinal as a way to measure the time complexity of the…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Amirhossein Akbar Tabatabai

We investigate a hierarchy of arithmetical structures obtained by a transfinite addition of a canonic universal predicate, where the canonic universal predicate for M is defined as a minimum universal predicate for M in terms of…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pavel Hrubes

Algebraic characterizations of the computational aspects of functions defined over the real numbers provide very effective tool to understand what computability and complexity over the reals, and generally over continuous spaces, mean. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-27 Olivier Bournez , Walid Gomaa , Emmanuel Hainry

In \cite{MacResField} the second author gave a systematic analysis of definability and decidability for rings $\mathcal M/p\mathcal M$, where $\mathcal M$ is a model of Peano Arithmetic and $p$ is a prime in $\mathcal M$. In the present…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-02-02 P. D'Aquino , A. Macintyre

Inductive proofs can be represented as proof schemata, i.e. as parameterized sequences of proofs defined in a primitive recursive way. Applications of proof schemata can be found in the area of automated proof analysis where the schemata…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Alexander Leitsch , Anela Lolić , Stella Mahler

We provide a sound and complete proof system for an extension of Kleene's ternary logic to predicates. The concept of theory is extended with, for each function symbol, a formula that specifies when the function is defined. The notion of…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Antti Valmari , Lauri Hella

We generalize the notion of proof term to the realm of transfinite reduction. Proof terms represent reductions in the first-order term format, thereby facilitating their formal analysis. We show that any transfinite reduction can be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-02-13 Carlos Lombardi , Alejandro Ríos , Roel de Vrijer

In this paper we present the initial development of a general theory for mapping inference in predicate logic to computation over Tensor Product Representations (TPRs; Smolensky (1990), Smolensky & Legendre (2006)). After an initial brief…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Paul Smolensky , Moontae Lee , Xiaodong He , Wen-tau Yih , Jianfeng Gao , Li Deng

Adaptive behavior often requires predicting future events. The theory of reinforcement learning prescribes what kinds of predictive representations are useful and how to compute them. This paper integrates these theoretical ideas with work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Wilka Carvalho , Momchil S. Tomov , William de Cothi , Caswell Barry , Samuel J. Gershman

We present an extension to the $\mathtt{mathlib}$ library of the Lean theorem prover formalizing the foundations of computability theory. We use primitive recursive functions and partial recursive functions as the main objects of study, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Mario Carneiro

In previous papers on this project a general static logical framework for formalizing and mechanizing set theories of different strength was suggested, and the power of some predicatively acceptable theories in that framework was explored.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Arnon Avron , Liron Cohen

Our primary motivation is the comparison of two different traditions used in ICC to characterize the class FPTIME of the polynomial time computable functions. On one side, FPTIME can be captured by Intuitionistic Light Affine Logic (ILAL),…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-19 Luca Vercelli

Separation logic is successful for software verification of heap-manipulating programs. Numbers are necessary to be added to separation logic for verification of practical software where numbers are important. However, properties of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sohei Ito , Makoto Tatsuta

The Initial Algebra Theorem by Trnkov\'a et al.~states, under mild assumptions, that an endofunctor has an initial algebra provided it has a pre-fixed point. The proof crucially depends on transfinitely iterating the functor and in fact…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Jiří Adámek , Stefan Milius , Lawrence S. Moss

A logic-enriched type theory (LTT) is a type theory extended with a primitive mechanism for forming and proving propositions. We construct two LTTs, named LTTO and LTTO*, which we claim correspond closely to the classical predicative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-08-19 Robin Adams , Zhaohui Luo

We contribute a general apparatus for dependent tactic-based proof refinement in the LCF tradition, in which the statements of subgoals may express a dependency on the proofs of other subgoals; this form of dependency is extremely useful…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Jonathan Sterling , Robert Harper

Iterative refinement -- start with a random guess, then iteratively improve the guess -- is a useful paradigm for representation learning because it offers a way to break symmetries among equally plausible explanations for the data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Michael Chang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Sergey Levine

In this article, we consider a simple representation for real numbers and propose top-down procedures to approximate various algebraic and transcendental operations with arbitrary precision. Detailed algorithms and proofs are provided to…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-09-22 Sarmen Keshishzadeh , Jan Friso Groote

This is an exposition of facts about Arithmetic with an approach via mathematical logic. In Section 1 we present Peano Arithmetic, PA, and the complete theory of $\mathbb{N}$, and we show that $\mathbb{N}$ is a prime model of the theory of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Joel Torres Del valle