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Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an experimental technique for protein structure determination that images an ensemble of macromolecules in near-physiological contexts. While recent advances enable the reconstruction of dynamic…

Segmentation is a crucial step in microscopy image analysis. Numerous approaches have been developed over the past years, ranging from classical segmentation algorithms to advanced deep learning models. While U-Net remains one of the most…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Illia Tsiporenko , Pavel Chizhov , Dmytro Fishman

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important non-invasive clinical tool that can produce high-resolution and reproducible images. However, a long scanning time is required for high-quality MR images, which leads to exhaustion and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Jiahao Huang , Yingying Fang , Yinzhe Wu , Huanjun Wu , Zhifan Gao , Yang Li , Javier Del Ser , Jun Xia , Guang Yang

Medical image segmentation is important for computer-aided diagnosis. Good segmentation demands the model to see the big picture and fine details simultaneously, i.e., to learn image features that incorporate large context while keep high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-03 Shaohua Li , Xiuchao Sui , Xiangde Luo , Xinxing Xu , Yong Liu , Rick Goh

Microstructure characterisation has been greatly enhanced through the use of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), where rich maps are generated through analysis of the crystal phase and orientation in the scanning electron microscope…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-11-15 Vivian S Tong , Alexander J Knowles , David Dye , T Ben Britton

Electron tomography offers important three-dimensional (3D) structural information which cannot be observed by two-dimensional imaging. By combining annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with aberration…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-06-29 Juhyeok Lee , Moosung Lee , YongKeun Park , Colin Ophus , Yongsoo Yang

Microtomography is a powerful method of materials investigation. It enables to obtain physical properties of porous media non-destructively that is useful in studies. One of the application ways is a calculation of porosity, pore sizes,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Maxim Grigoriev , Anvar Khafizov , Vladislav Kokhan , Viktor Asadchikov

The highly energetic electrons in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) can alter or even completely destroy the structure of samples before sufficient information can be obtained. This is especially problematic in the case of zeolites,…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-05 Abner Velazco , Daen Jannis , Armand Béché , Johan Verbeeck

The three-dimensional structure of proteins plays a crucial role in determining their function. Protein structure prediction methods, like AlphaFold, offer rapid access to a protein structure. However, large protein complexes cannot be…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-05 Gabriel Ducrocq , Lukas Grunewald , Sebastian Westenhoff , Fredrik Lindsten

Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) enables high-resolution imaging of biomolecules, but structural heterogeneity remains a major challenge in 3D reconstruction. Traditional methods assume a discrete set of conformations, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Diego Sanchez Espinosa , Erik H Thiede , Yunan Yang

We introduce a model-based iterative method to obtain shear modulus images of tissue using magnetic resonance elastography. The method jointly finds the displacement field that best fits multifrequency tissue displacement data and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-25 Shahed Mohammed , Mohammad Honarvar , Qi Zeng , Hoda Hashemi , Robert Rohling , Piotr Kozlowski , Septimiu Salcudean

A major limitation of two-dimensional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in imaging porous membranes is its inability to resolve three-dimensional pore architecture and interconnectivity, which are critical factors governing membrane…

Segmenting a structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is an important pre-processing step for analytic procedures and subsequent inferences about longitudinal tissue changes. Manual segmentation defines the current gold standard in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Alex Fedorov , Jeremy Johnson , Eswar Damaraju , Alexei Ozerin , Vince Calhoun , Sergey Plis

In the field of connectomics, neuroscientists seek to identify cortical connectivity comprehensively. Neuronal boundary detection from the Electron Microscopy (EM) images is often done to assist the automatic reconstruction of neuronal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Wei Shen , Bin Wang , Yuan Jiang , Yan Wang , Alan Yuille

Generation of super-resolution (SR) ultrasound (US) images, created from the successive local-ization of individual microbubbles in the circulation, has enabled the visualization of microvascular structure and flow at a level of detail that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Scott Schoen , Zhigen Zhao , Ashley Alva , Chengwu Huang , Shigao Chen , Costas Arvanitis

Here a new microscopic method is proposed to image and characterize very thin samples like few-layer materials, organic molecules, and nanostructures with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution using electron beams of energies lower than 20…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-06 Ing-Shouh Hwang

The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures and although these structures have been studied in the past, a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown. When attempting to observe these…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Raku Son , Kenji Yamazawa , Akiko Oguchi , Mitsuo Suga , Masaru Tamura , Yasuhiro Murakawa , Satoshi Kume

We present a grism extraction package (LINEAR) designed to reconstruct one-dimensional spectra from a collection of slitless spectroscopic images, ideally taken at a variety of orientations, dispersion directions, and/or dither positions.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-21 R. E. Ryan , S. Casertano , N. Pirzkal

Surgical resection is a common procedure in the treatment of pediatric posterior fossa tumors. However, surgical damage is often unavoidable and its association with postoperative complications is not well understood. A reliable…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-07 Silu Zhang , Stuart McAfee , Zoltan Patay , Matthew Scoggins

Reconstructing neuronal circuits at the level of synapses is a central problem in neuroscience and becoming a focus of the emerging field of connectomics. To date, electron microscopy (EM) is the most proven technique for identifying and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-05 Stephen M. Plaza , Toufiq Parag , Gary B. Huang , Donald J. Olbris , Mathew A. Saunders , Patricia K. Rivlin