Related papers: Improvement in quantification of urine components:…
The KATRIN experiment aims to determine the neutrino mass scale with a sensitivity of 200 meV/c^2 (90% C.L.) by a precision measurement of the shape of the tritium $\beta$-spectrum in the endpoint region. The energy analysis of the decay…
A new and simple method of blood bilirubin detection through light reflection from skin is developed. The basic improvement over the existing methods is in the design of the light emitter and detector geometry which facilitates a two-stream…
Using a combination of first-principles theory and experiments, we provide a quantitative explanation for chemical contributions to surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for a well-studied organic molecule, benzene thiol, chemisorbed on…
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major health issues among the elderly population. MRI is the most popular technology to observe and evaluate the progress of OA course. However, the extreme labor cost of MRI analysis makes the process…
In recent years, Artificial Intelligence techniques have proved to be very successful when applied to problems in physical sciences. Here we apply an unsupervised Machine Learning (ML) algorithm called Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as…
As the interplay between human-generated and synthetic data evolves, new challenges arise in scientific discovery concerning the integrity of the data and the stability of the models. In this work, we examine the role of synthetic data as…
Motivated by recent experimental observations [U. Delabre et al, Langmuir 24, 3998, 2008] we reconsider an instability of ultrathin nematic films, spread on liquid substrates. Within a continuum elastic theory of liquid crystals, in the…
The noise of a device under test (DUT) is measured simultaneously with two instruments, each of which contributes its own background. The average cross power spectral density converges to the DUT power spectral density. This method enables…
The high-performance computing resources and the constant improvement of both numerical simulation accuracy and the experimental measurements with which they are confronted, bring a new compulsory step to strengthen the credence given to…
Crystal nucleation is relevant across the domains of fundamental and applied sciences. However, in many cases its mechanism remains unclear due to a lack of temporal or spatial resolution. To gain insights to the molecular details of…
Two roads are presently being followed in order to establish the existence of a liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclear systems from nuclear reactions at high energy. The clean experiment of observing the thermodynamic properties of a…
Quantum parameter estimation is central to many fields such as quantum computation, communications and metrology. Optimal estimation theory has been instrumental in achieving the best accuracy in quantum parameter estimation, which is…
In this paper we report a spectrometric approach to dual-energy digital radiography that has been developed and applied to identify specific organic substances and discern small differences in their effective atomic number. An experimental…
A method for estimating the relative content of crystalline phases of a multiphase sample, based on probabilistic analysis of the intensities of the diffraction pattern reflexes, has been developed. The method is based on the introduction…
The ability to measure small deformations or strains is useful for understanding many aspects of materials. Here, a new analysis of speckle diffraction peaks is presented in which the systematic shifts of the speckles are analyzed allowing…
A principal component analysis (PCA) of clean microcalorimeter pulse records can be a first step beyond statistically optimal linear filtering of pulses towards a fully non-linear analysis. For PCA to be practical on spectrometers with…
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common condition that can lead to serious complications including kidney injury, altered mental status, sepsis, and death. Laboratory tests such as urinalysis and urine culture are the mainstays of UTI…
Artificial intelligence systems show promise to aid in the di- agnostic pathway of prostate cancer (PC), by supporting radiologists in interpreting magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the prostate. Most MRI-based systems are designed to…
We test common fluence diagnostics in the regime of very low burnup natural uranium reactor samples. The fluence diagnostics considered are the uranium isotopics ratios $^{235}$U/$^{238}$U and $^{236}$U/$^{235}$U, for which we find simple…
Neutron beam monitors are an essential diagnostic component of neutron scattering facilities. They are used to measure neutron flux, calibrating experiments performed on the instruments, allowing measurement of facility performance,…