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In this paper, we discuss optimality conditions for optimization problems involving random state constraints, which are modeled in probabilistic or almost sure form. While the latter can be understood as the limiting case of the former, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Caroline Geiersbach , René Henrion

Incorporating probabilistic terms in mathematical models is crucial for capturing and quantifying uncertainties in real-world systems, especially when the solution is not unique or exhibits sudden qualitative changes as parameters vary.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Isabella Carla Gonnella , Moaad Khamlich , Federico Pichi , Gianluigi Rozza

Markov decision process (MDP) is a decision making framework where a decision maker is interested in maximizing the expected discounted value of a stream of rewards received at future stages at various states which are visited according to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-19 Hoang Nam Nguyen , Abdel Lisser , Vikas Vikram Singh

The need to organize a large collection in a manner that facilitates human comprehension is crucial given the ever-increasing volumes of information. In this work, we present PDC (probabilistic distributional clustering), a novel algorithm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Rezarta Islamaj , Lana Yeganova , Won Kim , Natalie Xie , W. John Wilbur , Zhiyong Lu

Divide-and-conquer based methods for Bayesian inference provide a general approach for tractable posterior inference when the sample size is large. These methods divide the data into smaller subsets, sample from the posterior distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-21 Sanvesh Srivastava , Cheng Li , David B. Dunson

Modeling distributions of covariates, or density estimation, is a core challenge in unsupervised learning. However, the majority of work only considers the joint distribution, which has limited utility in practical situations. A more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ryan R. Strauss , Junier B. Oliva

We introduce Preconditioned Monte Carlo (PMC), a novel Monte Carlo method for Bayesian inference that facilitates efficient sampling of probability distributions with non-trivial geometry. PMC utilises a Normalising Flow (NF) in order to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-24 Minas Karamanis , Florian Beutler , John A. Peacock , David Nabergoj , Uros Seljak

An extension of non-deterministic processes driven by the random telegraph signal is introduced in the framework of "piecewise deterministic Markov processes" [Davis], including a broader category of random systems. The corresponding…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Mario Annunziato

A conventional way to handle model predictive control (MPC) problems distributedly is to solve them via dual decomposition and gradient ascent. However, at each time-step, it might not be feasible to wait for the dual algorithm to converge.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Farhad Farokhi , Iman Shames , Karl H. Johansson

The divide and conquer strategy, which breaks a massive data set into a se- ries of manageable data blocks, and then combines the independent results of data blocks to obtain a final decision, has been recognized as a state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Xiangyu Chang , Shaobo Lin , Yao Wang

We present a novel sampling framework for probabilistic programs. The framework combines two recent ideas -- \emph{control-data separation} and \emph{logical condition propagation} -- in a nontrivial manner so that the two ideas boost the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Ichiro Hasuo , Yuichiro Oyabu , Clovis Eberhart , Kohei Suenaga , Kenta Cho , Shin-ya Katsumata

Conformal prediction is a non-parametric technique for constructing prediction intervals or sets from arbitrary predictive models under the assumption that the data is exchangeable. It is popular as it comes with theoretical guarantees on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Jase Clarkson , Wenkai Xu , Mihai Cucuringu , Yvik Swan , Gesine Reinert

Parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) appear in many disciplines to model the evolution of various mathematical objects, such as probability flows, value functions in control theory, and derivative prices in finance. It is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Xingzi Xu , Ali Hasan , Jie Ding , Vahid Tarokh

The distributionally robust Markov Decision Process (MDP) approach asks for a distributionally robust policy that achieves the maximal expected total reward under the most adversarial distribution of uncertain parameters. In this paper, we…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Zhi Chen , Pengqian Yu , William B. Haskell

We present Lilac, a separation logic for reasoning about probabilistic programs where separating conjunction captures probabilistic independence. Inspired by an analogy with mutable state where sampling corresponds to dynamic allocation, we…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-05-29 John M. Li , Amal Ahmed , Steven Holtzen

We utilize extreme-learning machines for the prediction of partial differential equations (PDEs). Our method splits the state space into multiple windows that are predicted individually using a single model. Despite requiring only few data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Hans Harder , Jean Rabault , Ricardo Vinuesa , Mikael Mortensen , Sebastian Peitz

In this paper we furnish quality certificates for the Divide-and-Conquer method solving the 0-1 Knapsack Problem: the worst case scenario and estimates for the expected performance. The probabilistic setting is given and the main random…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Fernando A Morales , Jairo A Martínez

Conformal prediction is a simple and powerful tool that can quantify uncertainty without any distributional assumptions. Many existing methods only address the average coverage guarantee, which is not ideal compared to the stronger…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-21 Xing Han , Ziyang Tang , Joydeep Ghosh , Qiang Liu

In the "correlated sampling" problem, two players are given probability distributions $P$ and $Q$, respectively, over the same finite set, with access to shared randomness. Without any communication, the two players are each required to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Mohammad Bavarian , Badih Ghazi , Elad Haramaty , Pritish Kamath , Ronald L. Rivest , Madhu Sudan

Realistic physical phenomena exhibit random fluctuations across many scales in the input and output processes. Models of these phenomena require stochastic PDEs. For three-dimensional coupled (vector-valued) stochastic PDEs (SPDEs), for…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Ajit Desai , Mohammad Khalil , Chris L. Pettit , Dominique Poirel , Abhijit Sarkar