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Let $f(x)=x^n+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\dots+a_0$ be an irreducible polynomial with integer coefficients. For a prime $p$ for which $f(x)$ is fully splitting modulo $ p$, we consider $n$ roots $r_i$ of $f(x)\equiv 0\bmod p$ with $0 \le r_1\le\dots\le…

Let $K$ be a field and $f _{n}(X) = (X + 1) ^{n} + (-1) ^{n}(X ^{n} + 1) \in K[X]$, for each $n \in \mathbb N$. This note shows that the polynomials $f _{m}(X)$ and $f _{m'}(X)$ are relatively prime, for some distinct indices $m$ and $m…

We present a new method for the derivation of convolution identities for finite sums of products of Bernoulli numbers. Our approach is motivated by the role of these identities in quantum field theory and string theory. We first show that…

We give a $q$-analogue of some binomial coefficient identities of Y. Sun [Electron. J. Combin. 17 (2010), #N20] as follows: {align*} \sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor n/2\rfloor}{m+k\brack k}_{q^2}{m+1\brack n-2k}_{q} q^{n-2k\choose 2} &={m+n\brack…

Let q>1 and m>0 be relatively prime integers. We find an explicit period $\nu_m(q)$ such that for any integers n>0 and r we have $[n+\nu_m(q),r]_m(a)=[n,r]_m(a) (mod q)$ whenever a is an integer with $\gcd(1-(-a)^m,q)=1$, or a=-1 (mod q),…

Let $B_n$ be the $n$-th balancing number. In this paper, we give some explicit expressions of $\sum_{l=0}^{2 r-3}(-1)^l\binom{2 r-3}{l}\sum_{j_1+\cdots+j_r=n-2 l\atop j_1,\dots,j_r\ge 1}B_{j_1}\cdots B_{j_r}$ and…

We study representations of integers as sums of the form $\pm a_1\pm a_2\pm \dotsb \pm a_n$, where $a_1,a_2,\ldots$ is a prescribed sequence of integers. Such a sequence is called an Erd\H{o}s-Sur\'anyi sequence if every integer can be…

We discuss the base 3/2 representation of the natural numbers. We prove that the sum of digits function of the representation is a fixed point of a 2-block substitution on an infinite alphabet, and that this implies that sum of digits…

The aim of this paper is to develop analytic techniques to deal with certain monotonicity of combinatorial sequences. (1) A criterion for the monotonicity of the function $\sqrt[x]{f(x)}$ is given, which is a continuous analog for one…

Let $(a_n), (b_n)$ be linear recursive sequences of integers with characteristic polynomials $A(X),B(X)\in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ respectively. Assume that $A(X)$ has a dominating and simple real root $\alpha$, while $B(X)$ has a pair of conjugate…

Explicit evaluations of the Tornheim-like double series in the form \[ \sum_{n,m=1}^\infty \frac{H_{n+m+s}}{nm\left( n+m+s \right)},\ s\in \mathbb{N\cup } \left\{ 0 \right\} \] and their extensions are given. Furthermore, series of the type…

We prove two multivariate $q$-binomial identities conjectured by Bousseau, Brini and van Garrel [Geom. Topol. 28 (2024), 393-496, arXiv:2011.08830] which give generating series for Gromov-Witten invariants of two specific log Calabi-Yau…

Let $n$ and $k$ be integers such that $1\le k\le n$ and $f(x)$ be a nonzero polynomial of integer coefficients such that $f(m)\ne 0$ for any positive integer $m$. For any $k$-tuple $\vec{s}=(s_1, ..., s_k)$ of positive integers, we define…

We give a new proof of the identity $\zeta(\{2,1\}^l)=\zeta(\{3\}^l)$ of the multiple zeta values, where $l=1,2,\dots$, using generating functions of the underlying generalized polylogarithms. In the course of study we arrive at…

Let $k\ge 1$ be an integer. A positive integer $n$ is $k$-\textit{gleeful} if $n$ can be represented as the sum of $k$th powers of consecutive primes. For example, $35=2^3+3^3$ is a $3$-gleeful number, and $195=5^2+7^2+11^2$ is $2$-gleeful.…

We provide a general theorem for evaluating trigonometric Dirichlet series of the form $\sum_{n \geq 1} \frac{f (\pi n \tau)}{n^s}$, where $f$ is an arbitrary product of the elementary trigonometric functions, $\tau$ a real quadratic…

For $n=0,1,2,\ldots$ let $W_n=\sum_{k=0}^{[n/3]}\binom{2k}k \binom{3k}k\binom n{3k}(-3)^{n-3k}$, where $[x]$ is the greatest integer not exceeding $x$. Then $\{W_n\}$ is an Ap\'ery-like sequence. In this paper we deduce many congruences…

Let $p$ be an odd prime and let $x$ be a $p$-adic integer. In this paper, we establish supercongruences for $$ \sum_{k=0}^{p-1}\frac{\binom{x}{k}\binom{x+k}{k}(-4)^k}{(dk+1)\binom{2k}{k}}\pmod{p^2} $$ and $$…

Let $S := \{p_1,\ldots ,p_{\ell}\}$ be a finite set of primes and denote by $\mathcal{U}_S$ the set of all rational integers whose prime factors are all in $S$. Let $(U_n)_{n\geq 0}$ be a non-degenerate linear recurrence sequence with order…

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between prime numbers and sums of Fibonacci numbers. One of our main results says that for every sufficiently large integer $k$ there exists a prime number that can be represented as…