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Bell-inequality checks constitute a probe of entanglement -- given a source of entangled particles, their violation are a signature of the non-local nature of quantum mechanics. Here, we study a solid state device producing pairs of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nikolai M. Chtchelkatchev , Gianni Blatter , Gordey B. Lesovik , Thierry Martin

Scientific inquiry seeks causal explanations of observed phenomena. The Bell experiment provides a paradigmatic case, revealing correlations between spatially separated systems that no local model can reproduce. Such correlations, known as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Mark Broom , Talel Naccache , Emmanuel M. Pothos , Christoph Gallus , Pawel Blasiak

Some new Bell inequalities for consecutive measurements are deduced under joint realism assumption, using some perfect correlation property. No locality condition is needed. When the measured system is a macroscopic system, joint realism…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ramon Lapiedra

We show that the "practical" Bell inequalities, which use intensities as the observed variables, commonly used in quantum optics and widely accepted in the community, suffer from an inherent loophole, which severely limits the range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-07 Marek Zukowski , Marcin Wiesniak , Wieslaw Laskowski

Certification of quantum nonlocality plays a central role in practical applications like device-independent quantum cryptography and random number generation protocols. These applications entail the challenging problem of certifying quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 S. Gómez , D. Uzcategui , I. Machuca , E. S. Gómez , S. P. Walborn , G. Lima , D. Goyeneche

We investigate how accidental counts, the detection events not originating from genuine entangled photon pairs, impact the observed violation of Bell inequalities in photonic experiments. These false coincidences become increasingly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Piotr Mironowicz , Mohamed Bourennane

We report the measurement of a Bell inequality violation with a single atom and a single photon prepared in a probabilistic entangled state. This is the first demonstration of such a violation with particles of different species. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 D. L. Moehring , M. J. Madsen , B. B. Blinov , C. Monroe

Wang et al. [Science Advances, 1 Aug 2025 Vol 11, Issue 31] recently reported an experiment that they interpret as demonstrating a violation of Bell's inequality using unentangled photons. Such a claim is highly controversial, since it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Antoni Wójcik , Jan Wójcik

A Bell test can rule out local realistic models, and has potential applications in communications and information tasks. For example, a Bell inequality violation can certify the presence of intrinsic randomness in measurement outcomes,…

Quantum mechanics allows for coherent control over the order in which different processes take place on a target system, giving rise to a new feature known as indefinite causal order. Indefinite causal order provides a resource for quantum…

We propose a practical scheme to use photons from causally disconnected cosmic sources to set the detectors in an experimental test of Bell's inequality. In current experiments, with settings determined by quantum random number generators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-26 Jason Gallicchio , Andrew S. Friedman , David I. Kaiser

Bell inequalities play a central role in the study of quantum non-locality and entanglement, with many applications in quantum information. Despite the huge literature on Bell inequalities, it is not easy to find a clear conceptual answer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-21 Samson Abramsky , Lucien Hardy

Quantum theory allows for correlations between the outcomes of distant measurements that are inconsistent with any locally causal theory, as demonstrated by the violation of a Bell inequality. Typical demonstrations of these correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-08 Joel J. Wallman , Stephen D. Bartlett

Bell nonlocality plays a fundamental role in quantum theory. Numerous tests of the Bell inequality have been reported since the ground-breaking discovery of the Bell theorem.Up to now, however, most discussions of the Bell scenario have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-08 Meng-Jun Hu , Zhi-Yuan Zhou , Xiao-Min Hu , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo , Yong-Sheng Zhang

We introduce Bell inequalities based on covariance, one of the most common measures of correlation. Explicit examples are discussed, and violations in quantum theory are demonstrated. A crucial feature of these covariance Bell inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 Victor Pozsgay , Flavien Hirsch , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner

We present a source of entangled photons that violates a Bell inequality free of the "fair-sampling" assumption, by over 7 standard deviations. This violation is the first experiment with photons to close the detection loophole, and we…

Which nonlocal correlations can be obtained, when a party has access to more than one subsystem? While traditionally nonlocality deals with spacelike separated parties, this question becomes important with quantum technologies that connect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-04 Moisés Bermejo Morán , Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens , Felix Huber

The entanglement swapping protocol is analyzed in a relativistic setting, where shortly after the entanglement swapping is performed, a Bell violation measurement is performed. From an observer in the laboratory frame, a Bell violation is…

Quantum Correlations are studied extensively in quantum information domain. Entanglement Measures and Quantum Discord are good examples of these actively studied correlations. Detection of violation in Bell inequalities is also a widely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-15 Volkan Erol

EPR showed that two particles emitted from a source can be entangled by a shared wavefunction where two non-commuting observables (position, momentum) can be simultaneously real, leading to a contradiction with quantum mechanics (two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Mafiz Uddin