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We introduce a new test to study the Cosmological Principle with galaxy clusters. Galaxy clusters exhibit a tight correlation between the luminosity and temperature of the X-ray-emitting intracluster medium. While the luminosity measurement…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Konstantinos Migkas , Thomas H. Reiprich

Galaxy clusters are expected to form hierarchically in a LCDM universe, growing primarily through mergers with lower mass clusters and the continual accretion of group-mass halos. Galaxy clusters assemble late, doubling their masses since…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 C. P. Haines , A. Finoguenov , G. P. Smith , A. Babul , E. Egami , P. Mazzotta , N. Okabe , M. J. Pereira , M. Bianconi , S. L. McGee , F. Ziparo , L. E. Campusano , C. Loyola

The exploitation of clusters of galaxies as cosmological probes relies on accurate measurements of their total gravitating mass. X-ray observations provide a powerful means of probing the total mass distribution in galaxy clusters, but…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rocco Piffaretti , Riccardo Valdarnini

We present measurements of the masses of 20 X-ray luminous clusters of galaxies at intermediate redshifts, determined from a weak lensing analysis of deep archival R-band data obtained using the Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope. Compared to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Henk Hoekstra

We present a comprehensive analysis of the X-ray observations obtained from \xmm\, and \chandra\, for a sample of bona-fide Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) to investigate their X-ray emission properties. Ultimately, we obtain 32 effective…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-04 Ying-Ying Gan , Su Yao , Tan-Zheng Wu , Hai-Ming Zhang , Jin Zhang

Currently, the number of galaxy clusters identified using galaxy data has far exceeded the number derived from intracluster medium data. In this study, we used positional information from large optical cluster catalogues to search for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-26 Z. S. Yuan , Z. L. Wen , W. Xu , J. L. Han

An X-ray survey with the XMM-Newton telescope, XMM-XXL, has identified hundreds of galaxy groups and clusters in two 25 deg$^2$ fields. Combining spectroscopic and X-ray observations in one field, we determine how the kinetic energy of…

We utilize the galaxy shape catalogue from the first-year data release of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-cam Survey (HSC) to study the dark matter content of galaxy groups in the Universe using weak lensing. We use galaxy groups from the Galaxy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-19 Divya Rana , Surhud More , Hironao Miyatake , Takahiro Nishimichi , Masahiro Takada , Aaron S. G. Robotham , Andrew M. Hopkins , Benne W. Holwerda

We use a sample of 115 galaxy clusters at 0.1<z<1.3 observed with Chandra ACIS-I to investigate the relation between luminosity and Yx (the product of gas mass and temperature). The scatter in the relation is dominated by cluster cores, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. J. Maughan

We describe the properties of a sample of galaxy groups with very unusual distributions of galaxy luminosities. The most extreme example has an X-ray luminosity similar to that of the Virgo cluster but has a very low richness, with only one…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 L. R. Jones , T. J. Ponman , A. Horton , A. Babul , H. Ebeling , D. J. Burke

We present ASCA X-ray observations of a sample of five groups selected from a cross-correlation of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey with the White et al. optical catalog of groups. These X-ray bright groups significantly increase the number of…

We study the total gravitating mass distribution in the central region of 23 clusters of galaxies with Chandra. Using a new deprojection technique, we measure the temperature and gas density in the very central region of the clusters as a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Haruyoshi Katayama , Kiyoshi Hayashida

We use an updated version of the halo-based galaxy group catalog of Yang et al., and take the surface brightness of the galaxy group ($\mu_{\rm lim}$) based on projected positions and luminosities of galaxy members as a compactness proxy to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-22 Yunliang Zheng , Shiyin Shen , Shuai Feng

One hundred and six galaxy clusters have been studied in detail using X-ray data and important global physical properties have been determined. Correlations between these properties are studied with respect to the description of clusters as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas H. Reiprich , Hans Boehringer

`Galaxy groups' have hardly been realised as a separate class of objects with specific characteristics in the structural hierarchy. The presumption that the self-similarity of dark matter structures is a valid prescription for the baryonic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-01 S. Paul , R. S. John , P. Gupta , H. Kumar

The abundance of galaxy clusters as a function of mass is determined using the 2dFGRS Percolation-Inferred Galaxy Group (2PIGG) catalogue. This is used to estimate the amplitude of the matter fluctuation spectrum, parametrised by the linear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 V. R. Eke , C. M. Baugh , S. Cole , C. S. Frenk , J. F. Navarro

Morphology is often used to infer the state of relaxation of galaxy clusters. The regularity, symmetry, and degree to which a cluster is centrally concentrated inform quantitative measures of cluster morphology. The Cluster Lensing and…

We use ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) broadband X-ray images and the optical clusters identified from SDSS DR7 to estimate the X-ray luminosities around $\sim 65,000$ candidate clusters with masses $\ga 10^{13}\msunh$ based on an Optical to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-19 Lei Wang , Xiaohu Yang , Shiyin Shen , H. J. Mo , Frank C. van den Bosch , Wentao Luo , Yu Wang , Erwin T. Lau , Q. D. Wang , Xi Kang , Ran Li

Galaxy clusters, the most massive, dark-matter-dominated, and most recently assembled structures in the Universe, are key tools for probing cosmology. However, uncertainties in scaling relations that connect cluster mass to observables like…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Giulia Cerini , Elena Bellomi , Nico Cappelluti , Sabina Khizroev , Erwin T. Lau , Priyamvada Natarajan , John ZuHone

We study the properties of X-ray galaxy clusters in four cold dark matter models with different baryon fraction $\Omega_{BM}$ ranging from 5 to 20 per cent. By using an original three-dimensional hydrodynamic code based on the piecewise…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Claudio Gheller , Ornella Pantano , Lauro Moscardini