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We add here another layer to the literature on nonatomic anonymous games started with the 1973 paper by Schmeidler. More specifically, we define a new notion of equilibrium which we call $\varepsilon$-estimated equilibrium and prove its…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-05-06 Simone Cerreia-Vioglio , Fabio Maccheroni , David Schmeidler

We consider a multi-agent noncooperative game with agents' objective functions being affected by uncertainty. Following a data driven paradigm, we represent uncertainty by means of scenarios and seek a robust Nash equilibrium solution. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-15 Filiberto Fele , Kostas Margellos

Experimental economics has repeatedly demonstrated that the Nash equilibrium makes inaccurate predictions for a vast set of games. Instead, several alternative theoretical concepts predict behavior that is much more in tune with observed…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-17 Christian Hilbe

We present novel techniques for neuro-symbolic concurrent stochastic games, a recently proposed modelling formalism to represent a set of probabilistic agents operating in a continuous-space environment using a combination of neural network…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Rui Yan , Gabriel Santos , Xiaoming Duan , David Parker , Marta Kwiatkowska

We show how solution concepts in games such as Nash equilibrium, correlated equilibrium, rationalizability, and sequential equilibrium can be given a uniform definition in terms of \emph{knowledge-based programs}. Intuitively, all solution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Yoram Moses

The Stackelberg equilibrium solution concept describes optimal strategies to commit to: Player 1 (termed the leader) publicly commits to a strategy and Player 2 (termed the follower) plays a best response to this strategy (ties are broken…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Branislav Bosansky , Simina Branzei , Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen , Peter Bro Miltersen , Troels Bjerre Sorensen

Multi-team games, prevalent in robotics and resource management, involve team members striving for a joint best response against other teams. Team-Nash equilibrium (TNE) predicts the outcomes of such coordinated interactions. However, can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Ahmed Said Donmez , Yuksel Arslantas , Muhammed O. Sayin

We propose a general definition of perfect equilibrium which is applicable to a wide class of games. A key feature is the concept of completely mixed nets of strategies, based on a more detailed notion of carrier of a strategy. Under…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-21 János Flesch , Christopher Kops , Dries Vermeulen , Anna Zseleva

The computational characterization of game-theoretic solution concepts is a central topic in artificial intelligence, with the aim of developing computationally efficient tools for finding optimal ways to behave in strategic interactions.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Nicola Gatti , Marco Rocco , Tuomas Sandholm

We study multi-strategies in multiplayer reachability games played on finite graphs. A multi-strategy prescribes a set of possible actions, instead of a single action as usual strategies: it represents a set of all strategies that are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Aline Goeminne , Benjamin Monmege

With respect to probabilistic mixtures of the strategies in non-cooperative games, quantum game theory provides guarantee of fixed-point stability, the so-called Nash equilibrium. This permits players to choose mixed quantum strategies that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-01 Faisal Shah Khan , Travis S. Humble

This work addresses a classic problem of online prediction with expert advice. We assume an adversarial opponent, and we consider both the finite-horizon and random-stopping versions of this zero-sum, two-person game. Focusing on an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Nadejda Drenska , Robert V. Kohn

We conjecture that PPAD has a PCP-like complete problem, seeking a near equilibrium in which all but very few players have very little incentive to deviate. We show that, if one assumes that this problem requires exponential time, several…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yakov Babichenko , Christos Papadimitriou , Aviad Rubinstein

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-09-02 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

We study the global convergence of policy optimization for finding the Nash equilibria (NE) in zero-sum linear quadratic (LQ) games. To this end, we first investigate the landscape of LQ games, viewing it as a nonconvex-nonconcave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

For any two-by-two game $\G$, we define a new two-player game $\G^Q$. The definition is motivated by a vision of players in game $\G$ communicating via quantum technology according to a certain standard protocol originally introduced by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-07 Steven E. Landsburg

Nash equilibrium is often heralded as a guiding principle for rational decision-making in strategic interactions. However, it is well-known that Nash equilibrium sometimes fails as a reliable predictor of outcomes, with two of the most…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ivan Geffner , Moshe Tennenholtz

Designing efficient algorithms to find Nash equilibrium (NE) refinements in sequential games is of paramount importance in practice. Indeed, it is well known that the NE has several weaknesses, since it may prescribe to play sub-optimal…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Martino Bernasconi , Alberto Marchesi , Francesco Trovò

We extend the concept of meta-Nash equilibrium, introduced by Eshaghi Gordji and Bagha [2026] for complete-information games, to environments with incomplete information. We define a meta-Bayesian Nash equilibrium as a profile of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Madjid Eshaghi Gordji , Esmaiel Abounoori , Mohamadali Berahman

The recently defined class of integer programming games (IPG) models situations where multiple self-interested decision makers interact, with their strategy sets represented by a finite set of linear constraints together with integer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Margarida Carvalho , Andrea Lodi , João Pedro Pedroso