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A near-future detection of the 21cm signal from the epoch of reionization will provide unique opportunities to probe the underlying cosmology, provided that such cosmological information can be extracted with precision. To this end, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Wenzer Qin , Katelin Schutz , Aaron Smith , Enrico Garaldi , Rahul Kannan , Tracy R. Slatyer , Mark Vogelsberger

The current generation of experiments aiming to detect the neutral hydrogen signal from the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) is likely to be limited by systematic effects associated with removing foreground sources from target fields. In this…

Structure imprinted in foreground extragalactic point sources by ionospheric refraction has the potential to contaminate Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) power spectra of the 21~cm emission line of neutral hydrogen. The alteration of the spatial…

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and Cosmic Dawn (CD) are pivotal stages during the first billion years of the universe, exerting a significant influence on the development of cosmic structure. The detection of the redshifted 21-cm signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Anshuman Tripathi , Abhirup Datta , Aishrila Mazumder , Suman Majumdar

Neutral hydrogen (HI) serves as a crucial probe for the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Actual observations of the 21-cm signal often encounter challenges such as thermal noise and various systematic effects. To overcome…

The emission from neutral hydrogen (HI) clouds in the post-reionization era (z < 6), too faint to be individually detected, is present as a diffuse background in all low frequency radio observations below 1420 MHz. The angular and frequency…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-29 Somnath Bharadwaj , Shiv K. Sethi , Tarun Deep Saini

Cosmic baryon evolution during the Cosmic Dawn and Reionization results in redshifted 21-cm spectral distortions in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These encode information about the nature and timing of first sources over redshifts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-04 Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Ravi Subrahmanyan , N Udaya Shankar , Jens Chluba

We present deep upper limits from the 2014 Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) Phase I observing season, with a particular emphasis on identifying the spectral fingerprints of extremely faint radio frequency interference (RFI) contamination in…

The redshifted 21cm line of neutral hydrogen (Hi), potentially observable at low radio frequencies (~50-200 MHz), is a promising probe of the physical conditions of the inter-galactic medium during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionisation…

We present sensitivity forecasts for the PAST 21cm reionization observations and compare these with the measured sensitivity of a prototype array. We discuss the likely epoch-of-reionization structures and the redshifts that can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ue-Li Pen Xiang-Ping Wu Jeff Peterson

Precise subtraction of foreground sources is crucial for detecting and estimating 21cm HI signals from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). We quantify how imperfect point source subtraction due to limitations of the measurement dataset yields…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Cathryn M. Trott , Randall B. Wayth , Steven J. Tingay

We quantify the prospects for using emission lines from rotational transitions of the CO molecule to perform an `intensity mapping' observation at high redshift during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The aim of CO intensity mapping is to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Adam Lidz , Steven R. Furlanetto , S. Peng Oh , James Aguirre , Tzu-Ching Chang , Olivier Doré , Jonathan R. Pritchard

We present a simplified and general description of the high-redshift information in acoustic scale measurements from the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure. The transverse distance interval between photon--baryon…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Zachary J. Weiner

The rapid evolution of the cosmological neutral hydrogen (HI) distribution during the EoR is imprinted along the line of sight (LoS) in the redshifted 21-cm signal due to the light cone (LC) effect. The LC EoR 21-cm signal ceases to be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-06 Suman Pramanick , Somnath Bharadwaj , Khandakar Md Asif Elahi , Rajesh Mondal

Aiming to correctly restore the redshifted 21 cm signals emitted by the neutral hydrogen during the cosmic reionization processes, we re-examine the separation approaches based on the quadratic polynomial fitting technique in frequency…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Jingying Wang , Haiguang Xu , Tao An , Junhua Gu , Xueying Guo , Weitian Li , Yu Wang , Chengze Liu , Olivier Martineau-Huynh , Xiang-Ping Wu

We conduct the first case study towards developing optimal foreground mitigation strategies for neutral hydrogen (HI) intensity mapping using radio interferometers at low redshifts. A pipeline for simulation, foreground mitigation and power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-08 Zhaoting Chen , Laura Wolz , Richard Battye

BayesEoR is a GPU-accelerated, MPI-compatible Python package for estimating the power spectrum of redshifted 21-cm emission from interferometric observations of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Utilizing a Bayesian framework, BayesEoR…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-23 Peter H. Sims , Jacob Burba , Jonathan C. Pober

The amplitude of redshifted 21 cm fluctuations during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is expected to show a distinctive "rise and fall" behavior with decreasing redshift as reionization proceeds. On large scales (k <~ 0.1 Mpc^{-1}) this can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-06 Angus Beane , Adam Lidz

The redshifted 21-cm line of distant neutral H atoms provides a probe of the cosmic ``dark ages'' and the epoch of reionization (``EOR'') which ended them. The radio continuum produced by this redshifted line can be seen in absorption or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Paul R. Shapiro , Ilian T. Iliev , Garrelt Mellema , Ue-Li Pen , Hugh Merz