English

Exploring the Cosmic Reionization Epoch in Frequency Space: An Improved Approach to Remove the Foreground in 21 cm Tomography

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2015-06-12 v1 Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

Abstract

Aiming to correctly restore the redshifted 21 cm signals emitted by the neutral hydrogen during the cosmic reionization processes, we re-examine the separation approaches based on the quadratic polynomial fitting technique in frequency space to investigate whether they works satisfactorily with complex foreground, by quantitatively evaluate the quality of restored 21 cm signals in terms of sample statistics. We construct the foreground model to characterize both spatial and spectral substructures of the real sky, and use it to simulate the observed radio spectra. By comparing between different separation approaches through statistical analysis of restored 21 cm spectra and corresponding power spectra, as well as their constraints on the mean halo bias bb and average ionization fraction xex_e of the reionization processes, at z=8z=8 and the noise level of 60 mK we find that, although the complex foreground can be well approximated with quadratic polynomial expansion, a significant part of Mpc-scale components of the 21 cm signals (75% for 6h1\gtrsim 6h^{-1} Mpc scales and 34% for 1h1\gtrsim 1h^{-1} Mpc scales) is lost because it tends to be mis-identified as part of the foreground when single-narrow-segment separation approach is applied. The best restoration of the 21 cm signals and the tightest determination of bb and xex_e can be obtained with the three-narrow-segment fitting technique as proposed in this paper. Similar results can be obtained at other redshifts.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1211.6450,
  title  = {Exploring the Cosmic Reionization Epoch in Frequency Space: An Improved Approach to Remove the Foreground in 21 cm Tomography},
  author = {Jingying Wang and Haiguang Xu and Tao An and Junhua Gu and Xueying Guo and Weitian Li and Yu Wang and Chengze Liu and Olivier Martineau-Huynh and Xiang-Ping Wu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1211.6450},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

33 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ