The 21-cm intensity mapping (IM) of neutral hydrogen (HI) is a promising tool to probe the large-scale structures. Sky maps of 21-cm intensities can be highly contaminated by different foregrounds, such as Galactic synchrotron radiation, free-free emission, extragalactic point sources, and atmospheric noise. We here present a model of foreground components and a method of removal, especially to quantify the potential of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) for measuring HI IM. We consider 1-year observational time with the survey area of 20,000deg2 to capture significant variations of the foregrounds across both the sky position and angular scales relative to the HI signal. We first simulate the observational sky and then employ the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) foreground separation technique. We show that by including different foregrounds, thermal and 1/f noises, the value of the standard deviation between reconstructed 21-cm IM map and the input pure 21-cm signal is ΔT=0.034mK, which is well under control. The eigenmode-based analysis shows that the underlying HI eigenmode is just less than 1 per cent level of the total sky components. By subtracting the PCA cleaned foreground+noise map from the total map, we show that PCA method can recover HI power spectra for FAST with high accuracy.
@article{arxiv.2104.10937,
title = {Recovering 21-cm signal from simulated FAST intensity maps},
author = {Elimboto Yohana and Yin-Zhe Ma and Di Li and Xuelei Chen and Wei-Ming Dai},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.10937},
year = {2021}
}