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We discuss a number of naturally arising problems in arithmetic, culled from completely unrelated sources, which turn out to have a common formulation involving "thin" orbits. These include the local-global problem for integral Apollonian…
In this note, I develop step-by-step proofs of irrationality for $\,\zeta{(2)}\,$ and $\,\zeta{(3)}$. Though the proofs follow closely those based upon unit-square integrals proposed originally by Beukers, I introduce some modifications…
The investigations on higher-order type theories and on the related notion of parametric polymorphism constitute the technical counterpart of the old foundational problem of the circularity (or impredicativity) of second and higher order…
Quantum theory (QT) has been confirmed by numerous experiments, yet we still cannot fully grasp the meaning of the theory. As a consequence, the quantum world appears to us paradoxical. Here we shed new light on QT by being based on two…
Recent analyses of Brahmagupta's discourse on the cyclic quadrilateral, and of Baudh\=ayana's approximate quadrature of the circle, have shown that it is useful to submit mathematical texts to a form of literary analysis. Several passages…
The satisfactory development of Quaternionic Analysis has indicated new solutions for physical and mathematical problems. It is worth mentioning the fact that quaternions possess four dimensions, and in this way they may be considered as…
Wigner's "unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics" in physics can be understood as a reflection of a deep and unexpected unity between the fundamental structures of mathematics and of physics. Some of the history of evidence for this is…
We will extend the well-known Church encoding of Boolean logic into $\lambda$-calculus to an encoding of McCarthy's $3$-valued logic into a suitable infinitary extension of $\lambda$-calculus that identifies all unsolvables by $\bot$, where…
We re-examine the old question to what extent mathematics may be compared with a game. Mainly inspired by Hilbert and Wittgenstein, our answer is that mathematics is something like a rhododendron of language games, where the rules are…
The interpretation of quantum mechanics is an area of increasing interest to many working physicists. In particular, interest has come from those involved in quantum computing and information theory, as there has always been a strong…
Mathematical research is often motivated by the desire to reach a beautiful result or to prove it in an elegant way. Mathematician's work is thus strongly influenced by his aesthetic judgments. However, the criteria these judgments are…
Some common fallacies about fundamental themes of Logic are exposed: the First and Second incompleteness Theorem interpretations, Chaitin's various superficialities and the usual classification of the axiomatic Theories in function of its…
Pythagorean triples are the positive integer solutions to the Pythagoras equation for right triangles, a2+b2 = c2. They have been studied for many years, many centuries in fact. In this short paper we present a method for computing…
This paper has been withdrawn by the author. In this article I review W\"ust's recent handbook on mathematical physics from a philosophical standpoint. It emerges a structural approach to mathematics which evidences the utility of logic in…
The thesis of this paper is that truth-relevant logic is a better foundation for mathematics than classical logic. It is a system proposed by Richard Diaz in 1981. In a certain sense t-relevant logic is based on Kleene strong tables. These…
In this article, we prove that every integer can be written as an integer combination of exactly 4 tetrahedral numbers. Moreover, we compute the modular periodicity of platonic numbers.
This article examines the Thomae function, a paradigmatic example of a function that is continuous on the irrationals and discontinuous elsewhere. Defined for a parameter $\theta>0$, it exhibits a rich self-similar structure and intriguing…
I am most honoured to have the privilege to present the Foreword to this fascinating and wonderfully varied collection of contributions, concerning the nature of computation and of its deep connection with the operation of those basic laws,…
Here is a French translation and commentary of 17 problems in Peter Roth's Arithmetica Philosophica (1608). These problems are dealing with algebraic equations of degree 5 or 6; moreover, among these problems, 14 are also dealing with…
A goal of physics is to understand the greatest possible breadth of natural phenomena in terms of the most economical set of basic concepts. However, as the understanding of physics has developed historically, its pedagogy and language have…