Quelques probl\`emes issus des Arithmetica Philosophica de Peter Roth

Here is a French translation and commentary of 17 problems in Peter Roth's Arithmetica Philosophica (1608). These problems are dealing with algebraic equations of degree 5 or 6; moreover, among these problems, 14 are also dealing with stereometry and polygonal numbers. These 14 problems are the only ones, in the Arithmetica Philosophica, to combine these three distinct topics in a single setting (algebra, stereometry, polygonal numbers).