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Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are commonly used in Databases and Big Data computational engines like Apache Spark for representing the execution plan of queries. We refer to such graphs as Query Directed Acyclic Graphs (QDAGs). This paper…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Sweta Singh , Vaibhav Kulkarni , Mario Briggs , Deepak Mahajan , Eitan Farchi

Differential Neural Architecture Search (NAS) methods represent the network architecture as a repetitive proxy directed acyclic graph (DAG) and optimize the network weights and architecture weights alternatively in a differential manner.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Benteng Ma , Jing Zhang , Yong Xia , Dacheng Tao

New biological assays like Perturb-seq link highly parallel CRISPR interventions to a high-dimensional transcriptomic readout, providing insight into gene regulatory networks. Causal gene regulatory networks can be represented by directed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-22 Albert Xue , Jingyou Rao , Sriram Sankararaman , Harold Pimentel

Formulating and answering logical queries is a standard communication interface for knowledge graphs (KGs). Alleviating the notorious incompleteness of real-world KGs, neural methods achieved impressive results in link prediction and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Mikhail Galkin , Zhaocheng Zhu , Hongyu Ren , Jian Tang

Learning the structure of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) presents a significant challenge due to the vast combinatorial search space of possible graphs, which scales exponentially with the number of nodes. Recent advancements have redefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Klea Ziu , Slavomír Hanzely , Loka Li , Kun Zhang , Martin Takáč , Dmitry Kamzolov

We propose a linear-time, single-pass, top-down algorithm for multiple testing on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), where nodes represent hypotheses and edges specify a partial ordering in which hypotheses must be tested. The procedure is…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-06 Aaditya Ramdas , Jianbo Chen , Martin J. Wainwright , Michael I. Jordan

Causal inference aids researchers in discovering cause-and-effect relationships, leading to scientific insights. Accurate causal estimation requires identifying confounding variables to avoid false discoveries. Pearl's causal model uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Anna Zeng , Michael Cafarella , Batya Kenig , Markos Markakis , Brit Youngmann , Babak Salimi

Textual logical reasoning, especially question-answering (QA) tasks with logical reasoning, requires awareness of particular logical structures. The passage-level logical relations represent entailment or contradiction between propositional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Yinya Huang , Lemao Liu , Kun Xu , Meng Fang , Liang Lin , Xiaodan Liang

Distributed Ledger Technologies provide a mechanism to achieve ordering among transactions that are scattered on multiple participants with no prerequisite trust relations. This mechanism is essentially based on the idea of new transactions…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-10-01 Christian Mönch , Amr Rizk

Assuming a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that represents prior knowledge of causal relationships between variables is a common starting point for cause-effect estimation. Existing literature typically invokes hypothetical domain expert…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-11 Kirtan Padh , Zhufeng Li , Cecilia Casolo , Niki Kilbertus

Causal inference is a critical task across fields such as healthcare, economics, and the social sciences. While recent advances in machine learning, especially those based on the deep-learning architectures, have shown potential in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-30 Manqing Liu , David R. Bellamy , Andrew L. Beam

A structural equation model (SEM) is an effective framework to reason over causal relationships represented via a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Recent advances have enabled effective maximum-likelihood point estimation of DAGs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Chris Cundy , Aditya Grover , Stefano Ermon

Causal DAGs(Directed Acyclic Graphs) are usually considered in a 2D plane. Edges indicate causal effects' directions and imply their corresponding time-passings. Due to the natural restriction of statistical models, effect estimation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jia Li , Xiang Li , Xiaowei Jia , Michael Steinbach , Vipin Kumar

The conclusions provided by deep neural networks (DNNs) must be carefully scrutinized to determine whether they are universal or architecture dependent. The term DAG-DNN refers to a graphical representation of a DNN in which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Wen-Liang Hwang

As a compact representation of joint probability distributions over a dependence graph of random variables, and a tool for modelling and reasoning in the presence of uncertainty, Bayesian networks are of great importance for artificial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-06 Michael de Oliveira , Luis Soares Barbosa

We develop a general methodological framework for probabilistic inference in discrete- and continuous-time stochastic processes evolving on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The process is observed only at the leaf nodes, and the challenge is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Frank van der Meulen , Moritz Schauer , Stefan Sommer

Domain-specific QA systems require not just generative fluency but high factual accuracy grounded in structured expert knowledge. While recent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve context recall, they struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Osei Opoku , Ming Sheng , Yong Zhang

Semantic parses are directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), so semantic parsing should be modeled as graph prediction. But predicting graphs presents difficult technical challenges, so it is simpler and more common to predict the linearized graphs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Federico Fancellu , Sorcha Gilroy , Adam Lopez , Mirella Lapata

Causal discovery combines data with knowledge provided by experts to learn the DAG representing the causal relationships between a given set of variables. When data are scarce, bagging is used to measure our confidence in an average DAG…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-19 Alessio Zanga , Marco Scutari , Fabio Stella

Funnels are a new natural subclass of DAGs. Intuitively, a DAG is a funnel if every source-sink path can be uniquely identified by one of its arcs. Funnels are an analog to trees for directed graphs that is more restrictive than DAGs but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Marcelo Garlet Millani , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Manuel Sorge