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This research focuses on the bid optimization problem in the real-time bidding setting for online display advertisements, where an advertiser, or the advertiser's agent, has access to the features of the website visitor and the type of ad…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Rui Fan , Erick Delage

Click-through rates prediction is critical in modern advertising systems, where ranking relevance and user engagement directly impact platform efficiency and business value. In this project, we explore how to model CTR more effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hongyu Yang , Chunxi Wen , Jiyin Zhang , Nanfei Shen , Shijiao Zhang , Xiyan Han

Artificial intelligence-empowred Real-Time Bidding (AIRTB) is regarded as one of the most enabling technologies for online advertising. It has attracted significant research attention from diverse fields such as pattern recognition, game…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Xiaoli Tang , Han Yu

In the past years, many proposals have emerged in order to address online advertising use-cases without access to third-party cookies. All these proposals leverage some privacy-enhancing technologies such as aggregation or differential…

The unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) problem has been greatly advanced by recent deep learning techniques and well-designed debias algorithms. However, promising results on the existing benchmark datasets may not be extended to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Lixin Zou , Haitao Mao , Xiaokai Chu , Jiliang Tang , Wenwen Ye , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin

Digital advertising platforms operate millisecond-level auctions through Real-Time Bidding (RTB) systems, where advertisers compete for ad impressions through algorithmic bids. This dynamic mechanism enables precise audience targeting but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Pusen Dong , Chenglong Cao , Xinyu Zhou , Jirong You , Linhe Xu , Feifan Xu , Shuo Yuan

Online media provides opportunities for marketers through which they can deliver effective brand messages to a wide range of audiences. Advertising technology platforms enable advertisers to reach their target audience by delivering ad…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Shahriar Shariat , Burkay Orten , Ali Dasdan

Unbiased learning-to-rank (ULTR) is a well-established framework for learning from user clicks, which are often biased by the ranker collecting the data. While theoretically justified and extensively tested in simulation, ULTR techniques…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Philipp Hager , Romain Deffayet , Jean-Michel Renders , Onno Zoeter , Maarten de Rijke

Auto-bidding systems are widely used in advertising to automatically determine bid values under constraints such as total budget and Return-on-Spend (RoS) targets. Existing works often assume that the value of an ad impression, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiale Han , Chun Gan , Chengcheng Zhang , Jie He , Zhangang Lin , Ching Law , Xiaowu Dai

The selection, development, or comparison of machine learning methods in data mining can be a difficult task based on the target problem and goals of a particular study. Numerous publicly available real-world and simulated benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Randal S. Olson , William La Cava , Patryk Orzechowski , Ryan J. Urbanowicz , Jason H. Moore

Automated bidding, an emerging intelligent decision making paradigm powered by machine learning, has become popular in online advertising. Advertisers in automated bidding evaluate the cumulative utilities and have private financial…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Yidan Xing , Zhilin Zhang , Zhenzhe Zheng , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Budget-management systems are one of the key components of modern auction markets. Internet advertising platforms typically offer advertisers the possibility to pace the rate at which their budget is depleted, through budget-pacing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Andrea Celli , Riccardo Colini-Baldeschi , Christian Kroer , Eric Sodomka

In this paper, we study the problem of learning to bid in repeated first-price auctions with budget constraints. In each period, the decision maker needs to submit a bid to win the auction and maximize the total collected reward, subject to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Zeng Fu , Jiashuo Jiang , Yuan Zhou

Auto-bidding plays an important role in online advertising and has become a crucial tool for advertisers and advertising platforms to meet their performance objectives and optimize the efficiency of ad delivery. Advertisers employing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Bin Li , Xiao Yang , Daren Sun , Zhi Ji , Zhen Jiang , Cong Han , Dong Hao

Online advertising systems typically use a cascaded architecture to manage massive requests and candidate volumes, where the ranking stages allocate traffic based on eCPM (predicted CTR $\times$ Bid). With the increasing popularity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Bin Liu , Yunfei Liu , Ziru Xu , Zhaoyu Zhou , Zhi Kou , Yeqiu Yang , Han Zhu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

With the emergence of new online channels and information technology, digital advertising tends to substitute more and more to traditional advertising by offering the opportunity to companies to target the consumers/users that are really…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Médéric Motte , Huyên Pham

Ad auctions in sponsored search support ``broad match'' that allows an advertiser to target a large number of queries while bidding only on a limited number. While giving more expressiveness to advertisers, this feature makes it challenging…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-01-26 Eyal Even-dar , Yishay Mansour , Vahab Mirrokni , S. Muthukrishnan , Uri Nadav

Bid optimization in online advertising relies on black-box machine-learning models that learn bidding decisions from historical data. However, these approaches fail to replicate human experts' adaptive, experience-driven, and globally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Huixiang Luo , Longyu Gao , Yaqi Liu , Qianqian Chen , Pingchun Huang , Tianning Li

Incrementality, which is used to measure the causal effect of showing an ad to a potential customer (e.g. a user in an internet platform) versus not, is a central object for advertisers in online advertising platforms. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Ashwinkumar Badanidiyuru , Zhe Feng , Tianxi Li , Haifeng Xu

In the Real-Time Bidding (RTB), advertisers are increasingly relying on bid optimization to gain more conversions (i.e trade or arrival). Currently, the efficiency of bid optimization is still challenged by the (1) sparse feedback, (2) the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Xiao Wang , Shaoguo Liu , Yidong Jia , Yuxin Fu , Yufang Yu , Liang Wang , Bo Zheng