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In this paper we introduce novel algorithmic strategies for effciently playing two-player games in which the players have different or identical player roles. In the case of identical roles, the players compete for the same objective (that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Mugurel Ionut Andreica , Nicolae Tapus

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is riffle-shuffled exactly one time. Given a value $p\in(0{,}1)\setminus\{\frac12\}$, the riffle shuffle is assumed to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Markus Kuba

We study the hat chromatic number of a graph defined in the following way: there is one player at each vertex of a loopless graph $G$, an adversary places a hat of one of $K$ colors on the head of each player, two players can see each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-13 Bartłomiej Bosek , Andrzej Dudek , Michał Farnik , Jarosław Grytczuk , Przemysław Mazur

Quantum entanglement is known to provide a strong advantage in many two-party distributed tasks. We investigate the question of how much entanglement is needed to reach optimal performance. For the first time we show that there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Laura Mančinska , Thomas Vidick

We consider a game with two piles, in which two players take turn to add $a$ or $b$ chips ($a$, $b$ are not necessarily positive) randomly and independently to their respective piles. The player who collects $n$ chips first wins the game.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Ho-Hon Leung , Thotsaporn "Aek'' Thanatipanonda

Penney's game is a two player zero-sum game in which each player chooses a three-flip pattern of heads and tails and the winner is the player whose pattern occurs first in repeated tosses of a fair coin. Because the players choose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-24 Joshua B. Miller

We investigate Hunters & Rabbit game, where a set of hunters tries to catch an invisible rabbit that slides along the edges of a graph. We show that the minimum number of hunters required to win on an (n\times m)-grid is \lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-23 Tatjana V. Abramovskaya , Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Michał Pilipczuk

Consider the following one player game. A deck containing $m$ copies of $n$ different card types is shuffled uniformly at random. Each round the player tries to guess the next card in the deck, and then the card is revealed and discarded.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Sam Spiro

A fair coin is flipped $n$ times, and two finite sequences of heads and tails (words) $A$ and $B$ of the same length are given. Each time the word $A$ appears in the sequence of coin flips, Alice gets a point, and each time the word $B$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-06 Anne-Laure Basdevant , Olivier Hénard , Edouard Maurel-Segala , Arvind Singh

In this paper we study a single player game consisting of $n$ black checkers and $m$ white checkers, called shifting the checkers. We have proved that the minimum number of steps needed to play the game for general $n$ and $m$ is $nm + n +…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Lei Wang , Xiaodong Wang , Yingjie Wu , Daxin Zhu

In the Hunters and Rabbit game, $k$ hunters attempt to shoot an invisible rabbit on a given graph $G$. In each round, the hunters select $k$ vertices to shoot at, while the rabbit moves along an edge of $G$. The hunters win if, at any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Walid Ben-Ameur , Harmender Gahlawat , Alessandro Maddaloni

`Twenty questions' is a guessing game played by two players: Bob thinks of an integer between $1$ and $n$, and Alice's goal is to recover it using a minimal number of Yes/No questions. Shannon's entropy has a natural interpretation in this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Yuval Dagan , Yuval Filmus , Daniel Kane , Shay Moran

At some places (see the references) Martin Erickson describes a certain game: "Two players alternately write O's (first player) and X's (second player) in the unoccupied cells of an n x n grid. The first player (if any) to occupy four cells…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-05-22 Thomas Jenrich

We investigate the following version of the well-known R\'enyi-Ulam game. Two players - the Questioner and the Responder - play against each other. The Responder thinks of a number from the set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$, and the Questioner has to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Ádám Fraknói , Dávid Márton , Dániel Simon , Dániel Lenger

A common format for sports contests involves pairwise matches between two teams, with the #1 player of team A matched against the #1 player of team B, the #2 player of team A against the #2 player of team B, and so on. This paper addresses…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-04-07 Dana Mackenzie

Infinite chess is chess played on an infinite edgeless chessboard. The familiar chess pieces move about according to their usual chess rules, and each player strives to place the opposing king into checkmate. The mate-in-n problem of…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-05-17 Dan Brumleve , Joel David Hamkins , Philipp Schlicht

There are $n$ independent Bernoulli random variables with parameters $p_i$ that are observed sequentially. Two players, A and B, act in turns starting with player A. Each player has the possibility on his turn, when $I_k=1$, to choose…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-15 José María Grau Ribas

We introduce a two-player game in which one and his/her opponent attempt to pack as many ``prisoners'' as possible on the squares of an n-by-n checkerboard; each prisoner has to be ``protected'' by at least as many guards as the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-08 Timothy Howard , Eugen J. Ionascu , David Woolbright

We revisit the game in which each of several players chooses a pattern and then a coin is flipped repeatedly until one of these patterns is generated. In particular, we demonstrate how to compute the probability of any one player winning…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Jan Vrbik , Paul Vrbik

This paper studies the game of guessing riffle-shuffled cards with complete feedback. A deck of $n$ cards labelled 1 to $n$ is riffle-shuffled once and placed on a table. A player tries to guess the cards from top and is given complete…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Pengda Liu