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The main topic of these lecture notes is the continuum scaling limit of planar lattice models. One reason why this topic occupies an important place in the theory of probability and mathematical statistical physics is that scaling limits…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Federico Camia

The Brownian loop soup introduced in Lawler and Werner (2004) is a Poissonian realization from a sigma-finite measure on unrooted loops. This measure satisfies both conformal invariance and a restriction property. In this paper, we define a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory F. Lawler , José A. Trujillo Ferreras

The two-dimensional Brownian loop-soup is a Poissonian random collection of loops in a planar domain with an intensity parameter c. When c is not greater than 1, we show that the outer boundaries of the loop clusters are disjoint simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We consider the random walk loop soup on the discrete half-plane corresponding to a central charge c in (0, 1]. We look at the clusters of discrete loops and show that the scaling limit of the outer boundaries of outermost clusters is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Titus Lupu

Lawler and Trujillo Ferreras constructed a well-known coupling between the Brownian loop soups in $\mathbb{R}^2$ and the random walk loop soups on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ (one rescales the random walk loops by $1/N$, their time parametrizations by…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Wei Qian

We introduce a natural "massive" version of the Brownian loop soup of Lawler and Werner which displays conformal covariance and exponential decay. We show that this massive Brownian loop soup arises as the near-critical scaling limit of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Federico Camia

We show that the scaling limit of the random walk loop soup on suitable planar graphs is the Brownian loop soup, under a topology on multisets of unrooted, unparameterized, and macroscopic loops. The result holds assuming only convergence…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Yihao Pang

We construct an application, which takes as input a simple path and a possibly infinite collection of loops, and outputs a continuous path by adding the loops chronologically to the simple path as the simple path encounters them. By…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Nathanaël Berestycki , Isao Sauzedde

For random collections of self-avoiding loops in two-dimensional domains, we define a simple and natural conformal restriction property that is conjecturally satisfied by the scaling limits of interfaces in models from statistical physics.…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

Lawler, Schramm and Werner showed that the scaling limit of the loop-erased random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ is $\mathrm{SLE}_2$. We consider scaling limits of the loop-erasure of random walks on other planar graphs (graphs embedded into…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-16 Ariel Yadin , Amir Yehudayoff

In this research announcement, we show that SLE curves can in fact be viewed as boundaries of certain simple Poissonian percolation clusters: Recall that the Brownian loop-soup (introduced in the paper arxiv:math.PR/0304419 with Greg…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Wendelin Werner

We study the structure of Brownian loop-soup clusters in two dimensions. Among other things, we obtain the following decomposition of the clusters with critical intensity: When one conditions a loop-soup cluster by its outer boundary…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-14 Wei Qian , Wendelin Werner

We consider critical site percolation ($p=p_c=1/2$) on the triangular lattice $\mathbf{T}$ in two dimensions. We show that the simple random walk on the clusters of open vertices converges in the scaling limit to a continuous diffusion…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Irina Đanković , Maarten Markering , Jason Miller , Yizheng Yuan

We study vertex-like operators built from the Brownian loop soup in the limit as the loop soup intensity tends to infinity. More precisely, following Camia, Gandolfi and Kleban (Nuclear Physics B 902, 2016), we take a Brownian loop soup in…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Federico Camia , Alberto Gandolfi , Giovanni Peccati , Tulasi Ram Reddy

A planar self-avoiding walk (SAW) is a nearest neighbor random walk path in the square lattice with no self-intersection. A planar self-avoiding polygon (SAP) is a loop with no self-intersection. In this paper we present conjectures for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory F. Lawler , Oded Schramm , Wendelin Werner

We prove a scaling limit theorem for the simple random walk on critical lattice trees in $\mathbb{Z}^d$, for $d\geq 8$. The scaling limit is the Brownian motion on the Integrated Super-Brownian Excursion (BISE) which is the same one that we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Gérard Ben Arous , Manuel Cabezas , Alexander Fribergh

This article deals with limit theorems for certain loop variables for loop soups whose intensity approaches infinity. We first consider random walk loop soups on finite graphs and obtain a central limit theorem when the loop variable is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Federico Camia , Yves Le Jan , Tulasi Ram Reddy

We postulate the existence of a natural Poissonian marking of the double (touching) points of SLE(6) and hence of the related continuum nonsimple loop process that describes macroscopic cluster boundaries in 2D critical percolation. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Camia , L. R. G. Fontes , C. M. Newman

We give a complete classification of scaling limits of randomly trapped random walks and associated clock processes on $\mathbb Z^d$, $d\ge 2$. Namely, under the hypothesis that the discrete skeleton of the randomly trapped random walk has…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-02 Jiří Černý , Tobias Wassmer

We study limit laws for simple random walks on supercritical long range percolation clusters on $\Z^d, d \geq 1$. For the long range percolation model, the probability that two vertices $x, y$ are connected behaves asymptotically as…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-01-28 Nicholas Crawford , Allan Sly
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