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Estimating phylogenetic trees is an important problem in evolutionary biology, environmental policy and medicine. Although trees are estimated, their uncertainties are discarded by mathematicians working in tree space. Here we explicitly…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-16 Amy D. Willis , Rayna C. Bell

Random Forests (RFs) are widely used Machine Learning models in low-power embedded devices, due to their hardware friendly operation and high accuracy on practically relevant tasks. The accuracy of a RF often increases with the number of…

Environmental data may be "large" due to number of records, number of covariates, or both. Random forests has a reputation for good predictive performance when using many covariates with nonlinear relationships, whereas spatial regression,…

Applications · Statistics 2018-12-27 Eric W. Fox , Jay M. Ver Hoef , Anthony R. Olsen

We propose random hinge forests, a simple, efficient, and novel variant of decision forests. Importantly, random hinge forests can be readily incorporated as a general component within arbitrary computation graphs that are optimized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-02 Nathan Lay , Adam P. Harrison , Sharon Schreiber , Gitesh Dawer , Adrian Barbu

We analyze the finite sample mean squared error (MSE) performance of regression trees and forests in the high dimensional regime with binary features, under a sparsity constraint. We prove that if only $r$ of the $d$ features are relevant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-23 Vasilis Syrgkanis , Manolis Zampetakis

We present convincing empirical evidence for an effective and general strategy for building accurate small models. Such models are attractive for interpretability and also find use in resource-constrained environments. The strategy is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Abhishek Ghose

Existing ordinal trees and random forests typically use scores that are assigned to the ordered categories, which implies that a higher scale level is used. Versions of ordinal trees are proposed that take the scale level seriously and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-02 Gerhard Tutz

Random forests are a machine learning method used to automatically classify datasets and consist of a multitude of decision trees. While these random forests often have higher performance and generalize better than a single decision tree,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Max Sondag , Christofer Meinecke , Dennis Collaris , Tatiana von Landesberger , Stef van den Elzen

One advantage of decision tree based methods like random forests is their ability to natively handle categorical predictors without having to first transform them (e.g., by using feature engineering techniques). However, in this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Timothy C. Au

Random forests is a common non-parametric regression technique which performs well for mixed-type data and irrelevant covariates, while being robust to monotonic variable transformations. Existing random forest implementations target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-04 Taylor Pospisil , Ann B. Lee

Random forests are a type of ensemble method which makes predictions by combining the results of several independent trees. However, the theory of random forests has long been outpaced by their application. In this paper, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-23 Jianyuan Sun , Guoqiang Zhong , Junyu Dong , Yajuan Cai

Random Forest is an ensemble of decision trees based on the bagging and random subspace concepts. As suggested by Breiman, the strength of unstable learners and the diversity among them are the ensemble models' core strength. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 M. A. Ganaie , M. Tanveer , P. N. Suganthan , V. Snasel

It is notoriously difficult to build a bad Random Forest (RF). Concurrently, RF blatantly overfits in-sample without any apparent consequence out-of-sample. Standard arguments, like the classic bias-variance trade-off or double descent,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-01 Philippe Goulet Coulombe

Random Forests are widely claimed to capture interactions well. However, some simple examples suggest that they perform poorly in the presence of certain pure interactions that the conventional CART criterion struggles to capture during…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-04 Ricardo Blum , Munir Hiabu , Enno Mammen , Joseph Theo Meyer

Since their inception in the 1980's, regression trees have been one of the more widely used non-parametric prediction methods. Tree-structured methods yield a histogram reconstruction of the regression surface, where the bins correspond to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Veronika Rockova , Stephanie van der Pas

The purpose of this paper is to analyze certain statistics of a recently introduced non-uniform random tree model, biased recursive trees. This model is based on constructing a random tree by establishing a correspondence with non-uniform…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-16 Ella Hiesmayr , Ümit Işlak

We study the effectiveness of subagging, or subsample aggregating, on regression trees, a popular non-parametric method in machine learning. First, we give sufficient conditions for pointwise consistency of trees. We formalize that (i) the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-03 Christos Revelas , Otilia Boldea , Bas J. M. Werker

We propose a procedure to build a decision tree which approximates the performance of complex machine learning models. This single approximation tree can be used to interpret and simplify the predicting pattern of random forests (RFs) and…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-31 Yichen Zhou , Giles Hooker

Due to the steadily increasing relevance of machine learning for practical applications, many of which are coming with safety requirements, the notion of uncertainty has received increasing attention in machine learning research in the last…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Mohammad Hossein Shaker , Eyke Hüllermeier

Decision forests, including random forests and gradient boosting trees, remain the leading machine learning methods for many real-world data problems, especially on tabular data. However, most of the current implementations only operate in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Haoyin Xu , Jayanta Dey , Sambit Panda , Joshua T. Vogelstein