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Low Reynolds number direct simulations of large populations of hydrodynamically interacting swimming particles confined between planar walls are performed. The results of simulations are compared with a theory that describes dilute…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-13 Juan P. Hernandez-Ortiz , Patrick T. Underhill , Michael D. Graham

Many animals and robots move using undulatory motion of their bodies. When in close proximity undulatory motion can lead to novel collective behaviors such as gait synchronization, spatial reconfiguration, and clustering. Here we study the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-05-25 Wei Zhou , Jaquelin Dezha Peralta , Zhuonan Hao , Nick Gravish

Many microorganisms swim in fluids with complex rheological properties. Although much is now understood about motion of these swimmers in Newtonian fluids, the understanding is still developing in non-Newtonian fluids --- this understanding…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-03-22 Charu Datt , Gwynn J. Elfring

We study catalytic Janus swimmers and Escherichia coli bacteria swimming in a two-dimensional colloidal crystal. The Janus swimmers orbit individual colloids and hop between colloids stochastically, with a hopping rate that varies inversely…

In this paper, we address a crucial point regarding the description of moderate to high Reynolds numbers aquatic swimmers. For decades, swimming animals have been classified in two different families of propulsive mechanisms based on the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-10-03 Miguel Piñeirua , Ramiro Godoy-Diana , Benjamin Thiria

We study the collective motion of confined spherical microswimmers such as active colloids which we model by so-called squirmers. To simulate hydrodynamic flow fields including thermal noise, we use the method of multi-particle collision…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-03-20 Andreas Zöttl , Holger Stark

Microswimmers display an intriguing ability to navigate through fluids with spatially varying viscosity, a behavior known as viscotaxis, which plays a crucial role in guiding their motion. In this study, we reveal that the orientation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-25 Takuya Kobayashi , Ryoichi Yamamoto

Microswimmers are often found in heterogeneous and crowded environments within narrow conduits under external flow conditions, enabling them to perform interesting translational and rotational maneuvers, such as swimming in the upstream…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-26 Margam Ramprasad , Shubhadeep Mandal , Pallab Sinha Mahapatra

Microswimmers often exhibit surprising patterns due to the nonequilibrium nature of their dynamics. Collectively, suspensions of microswimmers appear as a liquid whose properties set it apart from its passive counterpart. To understand the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-05-22 Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl , Marco G. Mazza

We investigate the way in which oscillating dumb-bells, a simple microscopic model of apolar swimmers, move at low Reynold's number. In accordance with Purcell's Scallop Theorem a single dumb-bell cannot swim because its stroke is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 G. P. Alexander , J. M. Yeomans

In this paper we study a mathematical model of one-dimensional swimmers performing a planar motion while fully immersed in a viscous fluid. The swimmers are assumed to be of small size, and all inertial effects are neglected. Hydrodynamic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-04-25 Gianni Dal Maso , Antonio DeSimone , Marco Morandotti

A single flexible filament can be actuated to escape from the scallop theorem and generate net propulsion at low Reynolds number. In this work, we study the dynamics of a simple boundary-driven multi-filament swimmer, a two-arm clamshell…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-07 Shiyuan Hu , Jun Zhang , Michael J. Shelley

The paper carries on our previous investigations on the complementary version of Purcell's rotator: a low-Reynolds-number swimmer composed of three balls of equal radii. In the asymptotic regime of very long arms, the Stokes induced…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-25 François Alouges , Giovanni Di Fratta

Biological microswimmers are known to navigate upstream of an external flow (positive rheotaxis) in trajectories ranging from linear, spiral to oscillatory. Such rheotaxis stems from the interplay between the motion and complex shapes of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-27 Ranabir Dey , Carola M. Buness , Babak Vajdi Hokmabad , Chenyu Jin , Corinna C. Maass

Squirmers that are bottom-heavy experience a torque that aligns them along the vertical so that they swim upwards. In a suspension of many squirmers, they also interact hydrodynamically via flow fields that are initiated by their swimming…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-11 Felix Rühle , Arne W. Zantop , Holger Stark

We computationally studied the pair interactions and collective behavior of asymmetric, dumbbell swimmers over a range of intermediate Reynolds numbers and initial configurations. Depending on the initial positions and the Re, we found that…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-04-22 Thomas Dombrowski , Hong Nguyen , Daphne Klotsa

Swimming cells and microorganisms must often move though complex fluids that contain an immersed microstructure such as polymer molecules, or filaments. In many important biological processes, such as mammalian reproduction and bacterial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-06 Arshad Kamal , Eric E Keaveny

The spatiotemporal dynamics in systems of active self-propelled particles is controlled by the propulsion mechanism in combination with various direct interactions, such as steric repulsion, hydrodynamics, and chemical fields. Yet, these…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-03 Mario Theers , Elmar Westphal , Kai Qi , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

The agitation produced in a fluid by a suspension of micro-swimmers in the low Reynolds number limit is studied. In this limit, swimmers are modeled as force dipoles all with equal strength. The agitation is characterized by the active…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-10-01 C. Parra-Rojas , R. Soto

We study the effects of hydrodynamic interactions between a wall and the Purcell three-link swimmer in the two-dimensional case. After deriving the equations of motion in a low Reynolds number regime using Resistive Force Theory with…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-19 Enrico Micalizio , Marco Morandotti , Henry Shum , Marta Zoppello