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The discovery and subsequent study of optical counterparts to transient sources is crucial for their complete astrophysical understanding. Various gamma ray burst (GRB) detectors, and more notably the ground--based gravitational wave…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-29 Javed Rana , Akshat Singhal , Bhooshan Gadre , Varun Bhalerao , Sukanta Bose

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are a promising probe of the high-redshift Universe, but their detection remains observationally challenging. In this work, we explore the detectability of high-$z$ GRBs by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) aboard…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-21 Jun-Jie Wei , Xue-Feng Wu

We study the populations of X-ray sources in the Milky Way in the 15-55 keV band using a deep survey with the BAT instrument aboard the Swift observatory. We present the logN-logS distributions of the various source types and we analyze…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 R. Voss , M. Ajello

The Infra-Red Telescope (IRT) is part of the payload of the THESEUS mission, which is one of the two ESA M5 candidates within the Cosmic Vision program, planned for launch in 2032. The THESEUS payload, composed by two high energy wide field…

Cosmic objects emit throughout the electro-magnetic spectrum, from radio waves to very high-energy gamma rays. Some spectral regions can be observed from the ground, but space instrumentation is needed for most of them. Some spectral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Thierry J. -L. Courvoisier

The history of X-ray astronomy has shown that any advancement in our knowledge of the X-ray sky is strictly related to an increase in instrument sensitivity. At energies above 60 keV, there are interesting prospects for greatly improving…

Gravitational lensing distorts the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and imprints a characteristic pattern onto it. The distortions depend on the projected matter density between today and redshift $z \sim 1100$. In this paper…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-25 Matias Zaldarriaga , Uros Seljak

The INTEGRAL archive developed at INAF-IASF Milano with the available public observations from late 2002 to 2016 is investigated to extract the X-ray properties of 58 High Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs). This sample consists of sources hosting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-19 Lara Sidoli , Adamantia Paizis

Hard X-ray and low-energy gamma-ray coded-aperture imaging instruments have been highly successful as high-energy surveyors and transient-source discoverers and trackers over the past decades. Albeit having relatively low sensitivity as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 João Braga

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (\insight) detected GRB 221009A, the brightest gamma-ray burst observed to date, with all its three telescopes, i.e. High Energy telescope (HE, 20-250 keV), Medium Energy telescope (ME, 5-30 keV), and Low…

Starting from 1960s, a great number of missions and experiments have been performed for the study of the high--energy sky. This review gives a wide vision of the most important space missions and balloon experiments that have operated in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-06 Erica Cavallari , Filippo Frontera

Scheduled for launch in 2030, the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization (eXTP) telescope is a Chinese space-based mission aimed at studying extreme conditions and phenomena in astrophysics. eXTP will feature three main payloads:…

Gamma-ray bursts represent some of the most energetic and complex phenomena in the universe, characterized by highly variable light curves that often contain observational gaps. Reconstructing these light curves is essential for gaining…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-30 Zhunuskanov A. , Sakan A. , Akhmetali A. , Zaidyn M. , Ussipov N

eXTP is a science mission designed to study the state of matter under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. Primary targets include isolated and binary neutron stars, strong magnetic field systems like magnetars, and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-17 S. N. Zhang , M. Feroci , A. Santangelo , Y. W. Dong , H. Feng , F. J. Lu , K. Nandra , Z. S. Wang , S. Zhang , E. Bozzo , S. Brandt , A. De Rosa , L. J. Gou , M. Hernanz , M. van der Klis , X. D. Li , Y. Liu , P. Orleanski , G. Pareschi , M. Pohl , J. Poutanen , J. L. Qu , S. Schanne , L. Stella , P. Uttley , A. Watts , R. X. Xu , W. F. Yu , J. J. M. in 't Zand , S. Zane , L. Alvarez , L. Amati , L. Baldini , C. Bambi , S. Basso , S. Bhattacharyya , R. Bellazzini , T. Belloni , P. Bellutti , S. Bianchi , A. Brez , M. Bursa , V. Burwitz , C. Budtz-Jorgensen , I. Caiazzo , R. Campana , X. L. Cao , P. Casella , C. Y. Chen , L. Chen , T. X. Chen , Y. Chen , Y. Chen , Y. P. Chen , M. Civitani , F. Coti Zelati , W. Cui , W. W. Cui , Z. G. Dai , E. Del Monte , D. De Martino , S. Di Cosimo , S. Diebold , M. Dovciak , I. Donnarumma , V. Doroshenko , P. Esposito , Y. Evangelista , Y. Favre , P. Friedrich , F. Fuschino , J. L. Galvez , Z. L. Gao , M. Y. Ge , O. Gevin , D. Goetz , D. W. Han , J. Heyl , J. Horak , W. Hu , F. Huang , Q. S. Huang , R. Hudec , D. Huppenkothen , G. L. Israel , A. Ingram , V. Karas , D. Karelin , P. A. Jenke , L. Ji , T. Kennedy , S. Korpela , D. Kunneriath , C. Labanti , G. Li , X. Li , Z. S. Li , E. W. Liang , O. Limousin , L. Lin , Z. X. Ling , H. B. Liu , H. W. Liu , Z. Liu , B. Lu , N. Lund , D. Lai , B. Luo , T. Luo , B. Ma , S. Mahmoodifar , M. Marisaldi , A. Martindale , N. Meidinger , Y. P. Men , M. Michalska , R. Mignani , M. Minuti , S. Motta , F. Muleri , J. Neilsen , M. Orlandini , A T. Pan , A. Patruno , E. Perinati , A. Picciotto , C. Piemonte , M. Pinchera , A. Rachevski , M. Rapisarda , N. Rea , E. M. R. Rossi , A. Rubini , G. Sala , X. W. Shu , C. Sgro , Z. X. Shen , P. Soffitta , L. M. Song , G. Spandre , G. Stratta , T. E. Strohmayer , L. Sun , J. Svoboda , G. Tagliaferri , C. Tenzer , H. Tong , R. Taverna , G. Torok , R. Turolla , A. Vacchi , J. Wang , J. X. Wang , D. Walton , K. Wang , J. F. Wang , R. J. Wang , Y. F. Wang , S. S. Weng , J. Wilms , B. Winter , X. Wu , X. F. Wu , S. L. Xiong , Y. P. Xu , Y. Q. Xue , Z. Yan , S. Yang , X. Yang , Y. J. Yang , F. Yuan , W. M. Yuan , Y. F. Yuan , G. Zampa , N. Zampa , A. Zdziarski , C. Zhang , C. L. Zhang , L. Zhang , X. Zhang , Z. Zhang , W. D. Zhang , S. J. Zheng , P. Zhou , X. L. Zhou

The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) onboard the Neil Gehrels Swift observatory has been serving as a survey instrument for the hard X-ray sky, and has detected thousands of X-ray sources (e.g., AGNs, X-ray binaries, etc). BAT monitors these…

The Gamma-Ray Monitor (GRM) is a key scientific payload onboard the Space-based Multi-band Variable Object Monitor (SVOM) satellite, designed specifically for the detection and study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Launched into a 625 km…

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from core collapse of massive stars. High-redshift GRBs can probe the star formation and reionization history of the early universe, but their detection remains rare. Here we report the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-26 Y. Liu , H. Sun , D. Xu , D. S. Svinkin , J. Delaunay , N. R. Tanvir , H. Gao , C. Zhang , Y. Chen , X. -F. Wu , B. Zhang , W. Yuan , J. An , G. Bruni , D. D. Frederiks , G. Ghirlanda , J. -W. Hu , A. Li , C. -K. Li , J. -D. Li , D. B. Malesani , L. Piro , G. Raman , R. Ricci , E. Troja , S. D. Vergani , Q. -Y. Wu , J. Yang , B. -B. Zhang , Z. -P. Zhu , A. de Ugarte Postigo , A. G. Demin , D. Dobie , Z. Fan , S. -Y. Fu , J. P. U. Fynbo , J. -J. Geng , G. Gianfagna , Y. -D. Hu , Y. -F. Huang , S. -Q. Jiang , P. G. Jonker , Y. Julakanti , J. A. Kennea , A. A. Kokomov , E. Kuulkers , W. -H. Lei , J. K. Leung , A. J. Levan , D. -Y. Li , Y. Li , S. P. Littlefair , X. Liu , A. L. Lysenko , Y. -N. Ma , A. Martin-Carrillo , P. O'Brien , T. Parsotan , J. Quirola-Vasquez , A. V. Ridnaia , S. Ronchini , A. Rossi , D. Mata-Sanchez , B. Schneider , R. -F. Shen , A. L. Thakur , A. Tohuvavohu , M. A. P. Torres , A. E. Tsvetkova , M. V. Ulanov , J. -J. Wei , D. Xiao , Y. -H. I. Yin , M. Bai , V. Burwitz , Z. -M. Cai , F. -S. Chen , H. -L. Chen , T. -X. Chen , W. Chen , Y. -F. Chen , Y. -H. Chen , H. -Q. Cheng , C. -Z. Cui , W. -W. Cui , Y. -F. Dai , Z. -G. Dai , J. Eder , D. -W. Fan , C. Feldman , H. Feng , Z. Feng , P. Friedrich , X. Gao , J. Guan , D. -W Han , J. Han , D. -J. Hou , H. -B. Hu , T. Hu , M. -H. Huang , J. Huo , I. Hutchinson , Z. Ji , S. -M. Jia , Z. -Q. Jia , B. -W. Jiang , C. -C. Jin , G. Jin , J. -J. Jin , A. Keereman , H. Lerman , J. -F. Li , L. -H. Li , M. -S. Li , W. Li , Z. -D. Li , T. -Y. Lian , E. -W. Liang , Z. -X. Ling , C. -Z. Liu , H. -Y. Liu , H. -Q. Liu , M. -J. Liu , Y. -R. Liu , F. -J. Lu , H. -J. LU , L. -D. Luo , F. L. Ma , J. Ma , J. -R. Mao , X. Mao , M. McHugh , N. Meidinger , K. Nandra , J. P. Osborne , H. -W. Pan , X. Pan , M. E. Ravasio , A. Rau , N. Rea , U. Rehman , J. Sanders , A. Santovincenzo , L. -M. Song , J. Su , L. -J. Sun , S. -L. Sun , X. -J. Sun , Y. -Y. Tan , Q. -J. Tang , Y. -H. Tao , J. -Z. Tong , H. Wang , J. Wang , L. Wang , W. -X. Wang , X. -F. Wang , X. -Y. Wang , Y. -L. Wang , Y. -S. Wang , D. -M. Wei , R. Willingale , S. -L. Xiong , H. -T. Xu , J. -J. Xu , X. -P. Xu , Y. -F. Xu , Z. Xu , C. -B. Xue , Y. -L. Xue , A. -L. Yan , F. Yang , H. -N. Yang , X. -T. Yang , Y. -J Yang , Y. -W. Yu , J. Zhang , M. Zhang , S. -N. Zhang , W. -D. Zhang , W. -J. Zhang , Y. -H. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. -L. Zhang , D. -H. Zhao , H. -S. Zhao , X. -F. Zhao , Z. -J. Zhao , L. -X. Zhou , Y. -L. Zhou , Y. -X. Zhu , Z. -C. Zhu , X. -X. Zuo

A 24 day period for the low-mass X-ray binary GX 13+1 was previously proposed on the basis of 7 years of RXTE ASM observations (Corbet 2003) and it was suggested that this was the orbital period of the system. This would make it the one of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 Robin H. D. Corbet , Aaron B. Pearlman , Michelle Buxton , Alan M. Levine

The soft X-ray band hosts a larger, more diverse range of variable sources than any other region of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are stars, compact binaries, SMBH's, the X-ray components of Gamma-Ray Bursts, their X-ray afterglows,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Paul Gorenstein
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