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I reflect on some of the basic aspects of present day Beyond the Standard Model particle physics, focusing mostly on the issues of naturalness, in particular on the so-called hierarchy problem. To all of us, physics as natural science…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-15 Goran Senjanovic

Using the concept of principal stratification from the causal inference literature, we introduce a new notion of fairness, called principal fairness, for human and algorithmic decision-making. The key idea is that one should not…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Kosuke Imai , Zhichao Jiang

A central paradigm behind process semantics based on observability and testing is that the exact moment of occurring of an internal nondeterministic choice is unobservable. It is natural, therefore, for this property to hold when the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-07-10 Sonja Georgievska , Suzana Andova

The present paper presents a new general conception of interaction between physical systems, differing significantly from that of both classical physics and quantum physics as generally understood. We believe this conception could provide…

General Physics · Physics 2007-12-18 Danil Doubochinski , Jonathan Tennenbaum

Probability-like parameters appearing in some statistical models, and their prior distributions, are reinterpreted through the notion of `circumstance', a term which stands for any piece of knowledge that is useful in assigning a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. G. L. Porta Mana , A. Månsson , G. Björk

Causality is a fundamental part of the scientific endeavour to understand the world. Unfortunately, causality is still taboo in much of psychology and social science. Motivated by a growing number of recommendations for the importance of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Matthew J. Vowels

I propose that pattern recognition, memorization and processing are key concepts that can be a principle set for the theoretical modeling of the mind function. Most of the questions about the mind functioning can be answered by a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-07-28 Gilberto de Paiva

Equations of motion that recognize biochemical patterns are described. The equations are partial differential equations in a continuous multiple component system in which adequate initial and boundary conditions are given. The biochemical…

Biological Physics · Physics 2010-03-25 Eisuke Chikayama

One of the main activities in science teaching, and in particular in Physics teaching, is not only the discussion of both modern problems and problems which solution is an urgent matter. It means that the picture of an active and alive…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Pleitez

Discrete maximum principles in the approximation of partial differential equations are crucial for the preservation of qualitative properties of physical models. In this work we enforce the discrete maximum principle by performing a simple…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-22 Christian Kreuzer

Environmental science almost invariably proposes problems of extreme complexity, typically characterized by strongly nonlinear evolution dynamics. The systems under investigation have many degrees of freedom - which makes them complicated -…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Speranza , V. Lucarini

The need for revolution in modern physics is a well known and often broached subject, however, the precision and success of current models narrows the possible changes to such a great degree that there appears to be no major change…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-09-07 Shiva Meucci

We critically analyse the point of view for which laws of nature are just a mean to compress data. Discussing some basic notions of dynamical systems and information theory, we show that the idea that the analysis of large amount of data by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-22 Sergio Chibbaro , Angelo Vulpiani

Wolfram's Principle of Computational Equivalence (PCE) implies that universal complexity abounds in nature. This paper comprises three sections. In the first section we consider the question why there are so many universal phenomena around.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-11-09 Joost J. Joosten

As it is well known, classical mechanics consists of several basic features like determinism, reductionism, completeness of knowledge and mechanicism. In this article the basic assumptions are discussed which underlie those features. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gennaro Auletta

Symmetry distills the simplicity of natural laws from the complexity of physical phenomena. The symmetry principle is of vital importance in various aspects of modern physics, including analyzing atomic spectra, determining fundamental…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-09-14 Congjun Wu

The large deviation principle is proved for a class of $L^2$-valued processes that arise from the coarse-graining of a random field. Coarse-grained processes of this kind form the basis of the analysis of local mean-field models in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. S. Ellis , K. Haven , B. Turkington

Precision predictions combined with precise measurements are a major tool in sharpening our understanding of the fundamental laws underlying microscopic as well as macroscopic systems. Here, I present a few remarkable examples covering the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-07-10 Ulf-G. Meißner

We present a formal proof in Lean of probably approximately correct (PAC) learnability of the concept class of decision stumps. This classic result in machine learning theory derives a bound on error probabilities for a simple type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Joseph Tassarotti , Koundinya Vajjha , Anindya Banerjee , Jean-Baptiste Tristan

Complex classifiers may exhibit "embarassing" failures in cases where humans can easily provide a justified classification. Avoiding such failures is obviously of key importance. In this work, we focus on one such setting, where a label is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Deborah Cohen , Amit Daniely , Amir Globerson , Gal Elidan