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We develop an algorithm that computes strongly continuous semigroups on infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces with explicit error control. Given a generator $A$, a time $t>0$, an arbitrary initial vector $u_0$ and an error tolerance…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-14 Matthew J. Colbrook

For two causal structures with the same set of visible variables, one is said to observationally dominate the other if the set of distributions over the visible variables realizable by the first contains the set of distributions over the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-24 Marina Maciel Ansanelli , Elie Wolfe , Robert W. Spekkens

We give new inequalities for $A$-operator seminorm and $A$-numerical radius of semi-Hilbertian space operators and show that the inequalities obtained here generalize and improve on the existing ones. Considering a complex Hilbert space…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Pintu Bhunia , Kallol Paul , Raj Kumar Nayak

An effective formalism is developed to handle decaying two-state systems. Herewith, observables of such systems can be described by a single operator in the Heisenberg picture. This allows for using the usual framework in quantum…

In his monograph on Infinite Abelian Groups, I. Kaplansky raised three ``test problems" concerning their structure and multiplicity. As noted by Azoff, these problems make sense for any category admitting a direct sum operation. Here, we…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Laurent W. Marcoux , Heydar Radjavi , Sascha Troscheit , Yuanhang Zhang

We consider the transport equation $\ppp_t u(x,t) + H(t)\cdot \nabla u(x,t) = 0$ in $\OOO\times(0,T),$ where $T>0$ and $\OOO\subset \R^d $ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary $\ppp\OOO$. First, we prove a Carleman estimate for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Piermarco Cannarsa , Giuseppe Floridia , Masahiro Yamamoto

We report a single-neutron optical experiment to demonstrate the violation of a Bell-like inequality. Entanglement is achieved not between particles, but between the degrees of freedom, in this case, for a single-particle. The spin-{\small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yuji Hasegawa , Rudolf Loidl , Gerald Badurek , Matthias Baron , Helmut Rauch

Let $\mathfrak{M}$ be a semifinite von Neumann algebra on a Hilbert space equipped with a faithful normal semifinite trace $\tau$. A closed densely defined operator $x$ affiliated with $\mathfrak{M}$ is called $\tau$-measurable if there…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2014-05-13 M. S. Moslehian , Gh. Sadeghi

We present several operator and norm inequalities for Hilbert space operators. In particular, we prove that if $A_{1},A_{2},...,A_{n}\in {\mathbb B}({\mathscr H})$, then…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2011-01-21 M. Erfanian Omidvar , M. S. Moslehian , A. Niknam

Let $(I,+)$ be a finite abelian group and $\mathbf{A}$ be a circular convolution operator on $\ell^2(I)$. The problem under consideration is how to construct minimal $\Omega \subset I$ and $l_i$ such that $Y=\{\mathbf{e}_i,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Sui Tang

We address entropic uncertainty relations between time and energy or, more precisely, between measurements of an observable $G$ and the displacement $r$ of the $G$-generated evolution $e^{-ir G}$. We derive lower bounds on the entropic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-29 Christian Bertoni , Yuxiang Yang , Joseph M. Renes

This work attempts to discuss the observability of linear time-invariant systems with event-triggered measurements. A new notion of observability, namely, $\epsilon$-observability is defined with parameter $\epsilon$, which relates to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Kaikai Zheng , Dawei Shi , Tongwen Chen

We analyse stability of observability estimates for solutions to wave and Scr\" odinger equations subjected to additive perturbations. The paper generalises the recent averaged observability/control result by allowing for systems consisting…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-02-04 Martin Lazar

This paper is devoted to a study of observability estimate for the wave equation with variable coefficients $(h^{jk}(x))_{n\times n}$ ($n\in\mathbb{N})$. We consider both the observation point lies outside the domain and the observation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-12-20 Zhonghua Liao , Xiaoyu Fu

The paper is devoted to the observability study of a dynamic system, which describes the vibrations of an elastic beam with an attached rigid body and distributed control actions. The mathematical model is derived using Hamilton's principle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-19 Alexander Zuyev , Julia Kalosha

In this article, we study the observability (or, equivalently, the controllability) of some subelliptic evolution equations depending on their step. This sheds light on the speed of propagation of these equations, notably in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-05-07 Cyril Letrouit , Chenmin Sun

In the paper we consider the linear inverse problem that consists in recovering the initial state in a first order evolution equation generated by a skew-adjoint operator. We studied the well-posedness of the inversion in terms of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-12-20 Kaïs Ammari , Faouzi Triki

Some recent work has postulated the existence of an "observer" for a consistent definition of subregion algebras in gravitational universes. The subregion algebras consist of operators dressed to this "observer" and are typically Type II…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-17 Hao Geng , Yikun Jiang , Jiuci Xu

In quantum physics, disturbance due to a measurement is not negligible. This requires the time parameter $t$ in the Schr\"odinger or Heisenberg equation to be considered differently from a time continuum of experimenter's clock $T$ on which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Yoshihiro Sato , Arno R. Bohm

The Schr{\"o}dinger-Robertson inequality generally provides a stronger bound on the product of uncertainties for two noncommuting observables than the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, and as such, it can yield a stricter separability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hyunchul Nha