Related papers: Indeterminate Strings, Prefix Arrays & Undirected …

The stability number of a graph G, denoted by alpha(G), is the cardinality of a stable set of maximum size in G. A graph is well-covered if every maximal stable set has the same size. G is a Koenig-Egervary graph if its order equals…

A graph G on n vertices is said to be extendable if G can be modified to form a new graph H on more than n vertices, while preserving the degrees of the vertices common to G and H. The added vertices all have the same degree and we define…

A graph is 1-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. A graph, together with a 1-planar drawing is called 1-plane. Brandenburg et al. showed that there are maximal 1-planar graphs with only…

A set $C$ of vertices of a simple graph is called a completely regular code if for each $i=0$, $1$, $2$, \ldots and $j = i-1$, $i$, $i+1$, all vertices at distance $i$ from $C$ have the same number $s_{ij}$ of neighbors at distance $j$ from…

Fundamental to the theory of continued fractions is the fact that every infinite continued fraction with positive integer coefficients converges; however, it is unknown precisely which continued fractions with integer coefficients (not…

The codegree of an irreducible character $\chi$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as $|G:\ker\chi|/\chi(1)$. The codegree graph $\Gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$, where two distinct…

A homogeneous set of a graph $G$ is a set $X$ of vertices such that $2\le \lvert X\rvert <\lvert V(G)\rvert$ and no vertex in $V(G)-X$ has both a neighbor and a non-neighbor in $X$. A graph is prime if it has no homogeneous set. We present…

We say that a first order formula $\Phi$ defines a graph $G$ if $\Phi$ is true on $G$ and false on every graph $G'$ non-isomorphic with $G$. Let $D(G)$ be the minimal quantifier rank of a such formula. We prove that, if $G$ is a tree of…

Let $w$ be an infinite word on an alphabet $A$. We denote by $(n_i)_{i \geq 1}$ the increasing sequence (assumed to be infinite) of all lengths of palindrome prefixes of $w$. In this text, we give an explicit construction of all words $w$…

Recently a strong connection has been shown between the tractability of integer programming (IP) with bounded coefficients on the one side and the structure of its constraint matrix on the other side. To that end, integer linear programming…

A real X is defined to be relatively c.e. if there is a real Y such that X is c.e.(Y) and Y does not compute X. A real X is relatively simple and above if there is a real Y <_T X such that X is c.e.(Y) and there is no infinite subset Z of…

Graph parameters such as the clique number, the chromatic number, and the independence number are central in many areas, ranging from computer networks to linguistics to computational neuroscience to social networks. In particular, the…

A sequence $a=(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ of non-negative integers is called realizable if there is a self-map $T:X\to X$ on a set $X$ such that $a_n$ is equal to the number of periodic points of $T$ in $X$ of (not necessarily exact) period $n$,…

The regularity of the Rees ring of the edge ideal of a finite simple graph is studied. We show that the matching number is a lower and matching number~$+1$ is an upper bound of the regularity, if the Rees algebra is normal. In general the…

The feasible region $\Omega_{{\rm ind}}(F)$ of a graph $F$ is the collection of points $(x,y)$ in the unit square such that there exists a sequence of graphs whose edge densities approach $x$ and whose induced $F$-densities approach $y$. A…

For a partially ordered set $(A, \le)$, let $G_A$ be the simple, undirected graph with vertex set $A$ such that two vertices $a \neq b\in A$ are adjacent if either $a \le b$ or $b \le a$. We call $G_A$ the \emph{partial order graph} or…

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $u,v$ and $w$ vertices of $G$. Then $w$ is said to {\em strongly resolve} $u$ and $v$, if there is either a shortest $u$-$w$ path that contains $v$ or a shortest $v$-$w$ path that contains $u$. A set $W$ of…

A graph is $1$-$planar$ if it can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. Moreover, a 1-planar graph $G$ is $optimal$ if it satisfies $|E(G)|=4|V(G)|-8$. J. Fujisawa et al. [16] first considered…

A string $s$ is called a parameterized square when $s = xy$ for strings $x$, $y$ and $x$ and $y$ are parameterized equivalent. Kociumaka et al. showed the number of parameterized squares, which are non-equivalent in parameterized…

A graph is called equimatchable if all of its maximal matchings have the same size. Due to Eiben and Kotrb\v{c}\'{i}k,, any connected graph with odd order and independence number $\alpha(G)$ at most $2$ is equimatchable. Akbari et al.…