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Inspired by Hofstadter's Coffee-House Conversation (1982) and by the science fiction short story SAM by Schattschneider (1988), we propose and discuss criteria for non-mechanical intelligence. Firstly, we emphasize the practical need for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-05-10 Florentin Neumann , Andrea Reichenberger , Martin Ziegler

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven its worth in a series of artificial domains, and is beginning to show some successes in real-world scenarios. However, much of the research advances in RL are often hard to leverage in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Daniel Mankowitz , Todd Hester

A world model is an AI system that simulates how an environment evolves under actions, enabling planning through imagined futures rather than reactive perception. Current world models, however, suffer from visual conflation: the mistaken…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhikang Chen , Tingting Zhu

Motivated by the current demand of clinical governance, surgical simulation is now a well-established modality for basic skills training and assessment. The practical deployment of the technique is a multi-disciplinary venture encompassing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Mohamed A. ElHelw

User simulators are essential for training reinforcement learning (RL) based dialog models. The performance of the simulator directly impacts the RL policy. However, building a good user simulator that models real user behaviors is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Weiyan Shi , Kun Qian , Xuewei Wang , Zhou Yu

This paper proposes a novel methodology for addressing the simulation-reality gap for multi-robot swarm systems. Rather than immediately try to shrink or `bridge the gap' anytime a real-world experiment failed that worked in simulation, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Ricardo Vega , Kevin Zhu , Sean Luke , Maryam Parsa , Cameron Nowzari

Modeling human behavior in urban environments is fundamental for social science, behavioral studies, and urban planning. Prior work often rely on rigid, hand-crafted rules, limiting their ability to simulate nuanced intentions, plans, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nicolas Bougie , Narimasa Watanabe

As collaborative robots enter industrial shop floors, logistics, and manufacturing, rapid and flexible evaluation of human-machine interaction has become more important. The availability of consumer headsets for virtual and augmented…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Khaled Kassem , Florian Michahelles

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate public opinion and other social phenomena. Most current studies constrain these simulations to multiple-choice or short-answer formats for ease of scoring and comparison, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Bolei Ma , Yong Cao , Indira Sen , Anna-Carolina Haensch , Frauke Kreuter , Barbara Plank , Daniel Hershcovich

Gamification and Serious Games are progressively being used over a host of fields, particularly to support education. Such games provide a new way to engage students with content and can complement more traditional approaches to learning.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Alice Jaffray , Conor Finn , Jason R. C. Nurse

This paper presents an overview of current and potential applications of living technology to some urban problems. Living technology can be described as technology that exhibits the core features of living systems. These features can be…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2014-02-17 Carlos Gershenson

Video games, just like any other media have both explicit and implicit messages, and they can have impact on physical and mental health of the users. These impacts can be positive or negative. The impacts, the implications and the meanings…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Mohammad Reza Besharati , Mohammad Izadi

Plants are dynamic systems that are integral to our existence and survival. Plants face environment changes and adapt over time to their surrounding conditions. We argue that plant responses to an environmental stimulus are a good example…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yasmeen Hitti , Ionelia Buzatu , Manuel Del Verme , Mark Lefsrud , Florian Golemo , Audrey Durand

This paper introduces a simulation algorithm for evaluating the log-likelihood function of a large supermodular binary-action game. Covered examples include (certain types of) peer effect, technology adoption, strategic network formation,…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-07-25 Bryan S. Graham , Andrin Pelican

Gamification is an emerging design principle for information systems where game design elements are applied to non-game contexts. IS researchers have suggested that the IS discipline must study this area but there are other applications…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-08-06 Kafui Monu , Paul Ralph

Differentiable simulators continue to push the state of the art across a range of domains including computational physics, robotics, and machine learning. Their main value is the ability to compute gradients of physical processes, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Rhys Newbury , Jack Collins , Kerry He , Jiahe Pan , Ingmar Posner , David Howard , Akansel Cosgun

The world is slowly moving towards everything being simulated digitally and virtually. Mixed Reality (MR) is the amalgam of the real world with virtual stimuli. It has great prospects in the future in terms of various applications…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Dipesh Gyawali

With the rising number of cyberattacks, such as ransomware attacks and cyber espionage, educating non-cybersecurity professionals to recognize threats has become more important than ever before. However, traditional training methods, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Christopher Scherb , Luc Bryan Heitz , Frank Grimberg , Hermann Grieder , Marcel Maurer

Software game is a kind of application that is used not only for entertainment, but also for serious purposes that can be applicable to different domains such as education, business, and health care. Although the game development process…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Saiqa Aleem , Luiz Fernando Capretz , Faheem Ahmed

This article is a gentle discussion about the field of reinforcement learning in practice, about opportunities and challenges, touching a broad range of topics, with perspectives and without technical details. The article is based on both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Yuxi Li