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LTL synthesis -- the construction of a function to satisfy a logical specification formulated in Linear Temporal Logic -- is a 2EXPTIME-complete problem with relevant applications in controller synthesis and a myriad of artificial…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Jorge A. Baier , Alberto Camacho , Christian Muise , Sheila A. McIlraith

While most of the current synthesis algorithms only focus on correctness-by-construction, ensuring robustness has remained a challenge. Hence, in this paper, we address the robust-by-construction synthesis problem by considering the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Satya Prakash Nayak , Daniel Neider , Martin Zimmermann

Reactive synthesis builds a system from a specification given as a temporal logic formula. Traditionally, reactive synthesis is defined for systems with Boolean input and output variables. Recently, new theories and techniques have been…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Benedikt Maderbacher , Roderick Bloem

In this paper, we present a provably correct controller synthesis approach for switched stochastic control systems with metric temporal logic (MTL) specifications with provable probabilistic guarantees. We first present the stochastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-29 Zhe Xu , Yichen Zhang

We present a compositional approach to controller synthesis of discrete event system controllers with linear temporal logic (LTL) goals. We exploit the modular structure of the plant to be controlled, given as a set of labelled transition…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Hernan Gagliardi , Victor Braberman , Sebastian Uchitel

Despite the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) on various tasks following human instructions, controlling model generation at inference time poses a persistent challenge. In this paper, we introduce Ctrl-G, an adaptable framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Honghua Zhang , Po-Nien Kung , Masahiro Yoshida , Guy Van den Broeck , Nanyun Peng

Temporal logic has been widely used to express complex task specifications for cyber-physical systems (CPSs). One way to synthesize a controller for CPS under temporal logic constraints is to first abstract the CPS as a discrete transition…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-28 Luyao Niu , Andrew Clark

The control of dynamical systems under temporal logic specifications among uncontrollable dynamic agents is challenging due to the agents' a-priori unknown behavior. Existing works have considered the problem where either all agents are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Xinyi Yu , Yiqi Zhao , Xiang Yin , Lars Lindemann

In real-time and safety-critical cyber-physical systems (CPSs), control synthesis must guarantee that generated policies meet stringent timing and correctness requirements under uncertain and dynamic conditions. Signal temporal logic (STL)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xiaochen Tang , Zhenya Zhang , Miaomiao Zhang , Jie An

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have established pre-dominance in automated code generation, they are not devoid of shortcomings. The pertinent issues primarily relate to the absence of execution guarantees for generated code, a lack…

Synthesis from linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications provides assured controllers for systems operating in stochastic and potentially adversarial environments. Automatic synthesis tools, however, require a model of the environment to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Alper Kamil Bozkurt , Yu Wang , Michael M. Zavlanos , Miroslav Pajic

In many multirobot applications, planning trajectories in a way to guarantee that the collective behavior of the robots satisfies a certain high-level specification is crucial. Motivated by this problem, we introduce counting temporal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Yunus Emre Sahin , Petter Nilsson , Necmiye Ozay

Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is the standard specification language for reactive systems and is successfully applied in industrial settings. However, many shortcomings of LTL have been identified in the literature, among them the limited…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Daniel Neider , Alexander Weinert , Martin Zimmermann

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for synthesizing textual PLC programming languages like Structured Text (ST) code, other IEC 61131-3 standard graphical languages like Sequential Function Charts (SFCs) remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ofek Glick , Vladimir Tchuiev , Marah Ghoummaid , Michal Moshkovitz , Dotan Di-Castro

We study the problem of policy optimization (PO) with linear temporal logic (LTL) constraints. The language of LTL allows flexible description of tasks that may be unnatural to encode as a scalar cost function. We consider LTL-constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Cameron Voloshin , Hoang M. Le , Swarat Chaudhuri , Yisong Yue

There are spatio-temporal rules that dictate how robots should operate in complex environments, e.g., road rules govern how (self-driving) vehicles should behave on the road. However, seamlessly incorporating such rules into a robot control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Karen Leung , Marco Pavone

We present a new average-based robustness score for Signal Temporal Logic (STL) and a framework for optimal control of a dynamical system under STL constraints. By averaging the scores of different specifications or subformulae at different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Noushin Mehdipour , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Calin Belta

This paper introduces time window temporal logic (TWTL), a rich expressivity language for describing various time bounded specifications. In particular, the syntax and semantics of TWTL enable the compact representation of serial tasks,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Derya Aksaray , Calin Belta

We present a robust control framework for time-critical systems in which satisfying real-time constraints robustly is of utmost importance for the safety of the system. Signal Temporal Logic (STL) provides a formal means to express a large…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-15 Alena Rodionova , Lars Lindemann , Manfred Morari , George J. Pappas

We present GradSTL, the first fully comprehensive implementation of signal temporal logic (STL) suitable for integration with neurosymbolic learning. In particular, GradSTL can successfully evaluate any STL constraint over any signal,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mark Chevallier , Filip Smola , Richard Schmoetten , Jacques D. Fleuriot
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