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Converting high-level tasks described by natural language into formal specifications like Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a key step towards providing formal safety guarantees over cyber-physical systems (CPS). While the compliance of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Junle Li , Siqi Chen , Jiakai Li , Meiqi Tian , Bingzhuo Zhong

In many applications, the integrals and derivatives of signals carry valuable information (e.g., cumulative success over a time window, the rate of change) regarding the behavior of the underlying system. In this paper, we extend the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-29 Ali Tevfik Buyukkocak , Derya Aksaray , Yasin Yazıcıoğlu

The reactive synthesis problem is to find a finite-state controller that satisfies a given temporal-logic specification regardless of how its environment behaves. Developing a formal specification is a challenging and tedious task and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-08-20 Rajeev Alur , Salar Moarref , Ufuk Topcu

Temporal logic is an important tool for specifying complex behaviors of systems. It can be used to define properties for verification and monitoring, as well as goals for synthesis tools, allowing users to specify rich missions and tasks.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Gustavo A. Cardona , Kevin Leahy , Makai Mann , Cristian-Ioan Vasile

In this paper, we propose a control synthesis method for signal temporal logic (STL) specifications with neural networks (NNs). Most of the previous works consider training a controller for only a given STL specification. These approaches,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Wataru Hashimoto , Kazumune Hashimoto , Masako Kishida , Shigemasa Takai

Formal control of cyber-physical systems allows for synthesis of control strategies from rich specifications such as temporal logics. However, the classes of systems that the formal approaches can be applied to is limited due to the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Irmak Saglam , Ebru Aydin Gol

We formalize synthesis of shared control protocols with correctness guarantees for temporal logic specifications. More specifically, we introduce a modeling formalism in which both a human and an autonomy protocol can issue commands to a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Nils Jansen , Murat Cubuktepe , Ufuk Topcu

We address the problem of synthesizing reactive controllers for cyber-physical systems subject to Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications in the presence of adversarial inputs. Given a finite horizon, we define a reactive hierarchy of…

We present a new approach for the design of a synthetic biological circuit whose behaviour is specified in terms of signal temporal logic (STL) formulae. We first show how to characterise with STL formulae the input/output behaviour of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-20 Ezio Bartocci , Luca Bortolussi , Laura Nenzi

This paper investigates the problem of designing control policies that satisfy high-level specifications described by signal temporal logic (STL) in unknown, stochastic environments. While many existing works concentrate on optimizing the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-16 Siqi Wang , Shaoyuan Li , Li Yin , Xiang Yin

We train hierarchical Transformers on the task of synthesizing hardware circuits directly out of high-level logical specifications in linear-time temporal logic (LTL). The LTL synthesis problem is a well-known algorithmic challenge with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Frederik Schmitt , Christopher Hahn , Markus N. Rabe , Bernd Finkbeiner

Synthesis automatically constructs an implementation that satisfies a given logical specification. In this paper, we study the live synthesis problem, where the synthesized implementation replaces an already running system. In addition to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Bernd Finkbeiner , Felix Klein , Niklas Metzger

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) provides a powerful framework to describe complex tasks involving temporal and logical behavior in dynamical systems. This work addresses controller synthesis for continuous-time systems subject to STL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Vaishnavi Jagabathula , Pushpak Jagtap

This paper proposes a specification-guided framework for control of nonlinear systems with linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. In contrast with well-known abstraction-based methods, the proposed framework directly characterizes the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Yinan Li , Zhibing Sun , Jun Liu

Among the programming languages for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Structured Text (ST) is widely adopted for industrial automation due to its expressiveness and flexibility. However, major vendors implement ST with proprietary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Donghao Yang , Aolang Wu , Tianyi Zhang , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Xiaoli Lian , Yuming Ren , Jiaji Tian , Xiaoyin Che

We introduce a technique for synthesis of control and communication strategies for a team of agents from a global task specification given as a Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formula over a set of properties that can be satisfied by the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Yushan Chen , Xu Chu Ding , Calin Belta

This paper studies the controller synthesis problem for nonlinear control systems under linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications using zonotope techniques. A local-to-global control strategy is proposed for the desired specification…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-03 Wei Ren , Raphael M. Jungers , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

In the development and verification of safety-critical aero-space software, Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) has been widely used to specify complex system properties derived from requirements. However, a significant gap remains in industrial…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhi Ma , Xiao Liang , Cheng Wen , Rui Chen , Bin Gu , Shengchao Qin , Cong Tian , Mengfei Yang

This paper proposes a new highly scalable and asymptotically optimal control synthesis algorithm from linear temporal logic specifications, called $\text{STyLuS}^{*}$ for large-Scale optimal Temporal Logic Synthesis, that is designed to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Yiannis Kantaros , Michael M. Zavlanos

Many safety-critical systems must achieve high-level task specifications with guaranteed safety and correctness. Much recent progress towards this goal has been made through controller synthesis from temporal logic specifications. Existing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Rafael Rodrigues da Silva , Vince Kurtz , Hai Lin