Related papers: Contextuality is About Identity of Random Variable…
Anomaly detection usually assumes that abnormality is an intrinsic property of an observation. A defect is a defect, and a rare object is rare, regardless of where it appears. Many real-world anomalies do not work this way. A runner on a…
Language is contextual as meanings of words are dependent on their contexts. Contextuality is, concomitantly, a well-defined concept in quantum mechanics where it is considered a major resource for quantum computations. We investigate…
Randomization tests allow simple and unambiguous tests of null hypotheses, by comparing observed data to a null ensemble in which experimentally-controlled variables are randomly resampled. In behavioral and neuroscience experiments,…
Standard clustering techniques assume a common configuration for all features in a dataset. However, when dealing with multi-view or longitudinal data, the clusters' number, frequencies, and shapes may need to vary across features to…
We introduce a framework to describe probabilistic models in Bell experiments, and more generally in contextuality scenarios. Such a scenario is a hypergraph whose vertices represent elementary events and hyperedges correspond to…
The Principle of Complementarity of Probabilities based on of noncommutative probability is introduced.
Contextuality is regarded as a non-classical feature, challenging our everyday intuition; quantum contextuality is currently seen as a resource for many applications in quantum computation, being responsible for quantum advantage over…
The data of a physical experiment can be represented as a presheaf of probability distributions. A striking feature of quantum theory is that those probability distributions obtained in quantum mechanical experiments do not always admit a…
In probability theory, there is a tendency to treat one random variable with a given distribution as being just as good as any other. By and large this is fine because probability is (mostly) concerned with distributional properties of…
Anomaly detection aims to identify observations that deviate from expected behavior. Because anomalous events are inherently sparse, most frameworks are trained exclusively on normal data to learn a single reference model of normality. This…
We propose the use of Deterministic Generalized Asynchronous Random Boolean Networks [Gershenson, 2002] as models of contextual deterministic discrete dynamical systems. We show that changes in the context have drastic effects on the global…
Contextuality is often referred to as a generalization of non-locality. In this work, using the hypergraph approach for contextuality we show how to associate a contextual scenario to a general k-partite non local game, and consider the…
The conditionality principle $C$ plays a key role in attempts to characterize the concept of statistical evidence. The standard version of $C$ considers a model and a derived conditional model, formed by conditioning on an ancillary…
Quantum nonlocality and contextuality are two phenomena stemming from nonclassical correlations. Whereas the former requires entanglement that is consumed in the measurement process the latter can occur for any state if one chooses a proper…
Contextuality is central to both the foundations of quantum theory and to the novel information processing tasks. Although it was recognized before Bell's nonlocality, despite some recent proposals, it still faces a fundamental problem: how…
Quantum cognition often explains order effects, contextuality, and violations of the law of total probability by replacing classical probability with quantum probability on a fixed event structure. This paper proposes a different…
The quantum fluctuations of a physical property can be observed in the measurement statistics of any measurement that is at least partially sensitive to that physical property. Quantum theory indicates that the effective distribution of…
A PhD student is locked inside a box, imitating a quantum system by mimicking the measurement statistics of any viable observable nominated by external observers. Inside a second box lies a genuine quantum system. Either box can be used to…
Everyday experience supports the existence of physical properties independent of observation in strong contrast to the predictions of quantum theory. In particular, existence of physical properties that are independent of the measurement…
The presence of contextuality in quantum theory was first highlighted by Bell, Kochen and Specker, who discovered that for quantum systems of three or more dimensions, measurements cannot be viewed as revealing pre-existing properties of…