Related papers: Functional optimization of the arterial network
Maintaining cerebral blood flow is critical for adequate neuronal function. Previous computational models of brain capillary networks have predicted that heterogeneous cerebral capillary flow patterns result in lower brain tissue partial…
In animals, gas exchange between blood and tissues occurs in narrow vessels, whose diameter is comparable to that of a red blood cell. Red blood cells must deform to squeeze through these narrow vessels, transiently blocking or occluding…
In 1926, Murray proposed the first law for the optimal design of blood vessels. He minimized the power dissipation arising from the trade-off between fluid circulation and blood maintenance. The law, based on a constant fluid viscosity,…
Leaf venation is a pervasive example of a complex biological network, endowing leaves with a transport system and mechanical resilience. Transport networks optimized for efficiency have been shown to be trees, i.e. loopless. However,…
Vascular networks are used across the kingdoms of life to transport fluids, nutrients and cellular material. A popular unifying idea for understanding the diversity and constraints of these networks is that the conduits making up the…
Transport networks are crucial to the functioning of natural systems and technological infrastructures. For flow networks in many scenarios, such as rivers or blood vessels, acyclic networks (i.e., trees) are optimal structures when…
Numerous networks, such as transportation, distribution and delivery networks optimize their designs in order to increase efficiency and lower costs, improving the stability of its intended functions, etc. Networks that distribute goods,…
Cardiovascular networks span the body by branching across many generations of vessels. The resulting structure delivers blood over long distances to supply all cells with oxygen via the relatively short-range process of diffusion at the…
Transport networks are crucial to the functioning of natural and technological systems. Nature features transport networks that are adaptive over a vast range of parameters, thus providing an impressive level of robustness in supply.…
Scientists have long sought to understand how vascular networks supply blood and oxygen to cells throughout the body. Recent work focuses on principles that constrain how vessel size changes through branching generations from the aorta to…
The analysis of biological networks encompasses a wide variety of fields from genomic research of protein-protein interaction networks, to the physiological study of biologically optimized tree-like vascular networks. It is certain that…
This study uses a one dimensional fluid dynamics arterial network model to infer changes in hemodynamic quantities associated with pulmonary hypertension in mice. Data for this study include blood flow and pressure measurements from the…
The quest to understand structure-function relationships in networks across scientific disciplines has intensified. However, the optimal network architecture remains elusive, particularly for complex information processing. Therefore, we…
Reinforced elastic sheets surround us in daily life, from concrete shell buildings to biological structures such as the arthropod exoskeleton or the venation network of dicotyledonous plant leaves. Natural structures are often highly…
We study the growth of random networks under a constraint that the diameter, defined as the average shortest path length between all nodes, remains approximately constant. We show that if the graph maintains the form of its degree…
Many biological systems approach physical limits to their performance, motivating the idea that their behavior and underlying mechanisms could be determined by such optimality. Nevertheless, optimization as a predictive principle has only…
Blood system functions are very diverse and important for most processes in human organism. One of its primary functions is matter transport among different parts of the organism including tissue supplying with oxygen, carbon dioxide…
The fluid shear stress is an important regulator of the cardiovascular system via the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) that is Nitric Oxide. This mechanism involves biochemical reactions in an arterial wall. The autoregulation…
We numerically investigate the influence of flow development on secondary flow patterns and subsequent wall shear stress distributions in a curved artery model, and we compute vascular metrics commonly used to assess variations in blood…
An analogy between the fractal nature of networks of arteries and that of systems of rivers has been drawn in the previous works. However, the deep structure of the hierarchy of blood vessels has not yet been revealed. This paper is devoted…