Related papers: Negative probabilities and counter-factual reasoni…
A quantum binary experiment consists of a pair of density operators on a finite dimensional Hilbert space. An experiment E is called \epsilon-deficient with respect to another experiment F if, up to \epsilon, its risk functions are not…
This study utilises an experiment famous in quantum physics, the Stern-Gerlach experiment, to inform the structure of an experimental protocol from which a quantum cognitive decision model can be developed. The 'quantumness' of this model…
In classical physics, probabilistic or statistical knowledge has been always related to ignorance or inaccurate subjective knowledge about an actual state of affairs. This idea has been extended to quantum mechanics through a completely…
Quantum cognition has made it possible to model human cognitive processes very effectively, revealing numerous parallels between the properties of conceptual entities tested by the human mind and those of microscopic entities tested by…
We show how imaginary numbers in quantum physics can be eliminated by enlarging the Hilbert Space followed by an imposition of - what effectively amounts to - a superselection rule. We illustrate this procedure with a qubit and apply it to…
We consider the following model of decision-making by cognitive systems. We present an algorithm -- quantum-like representation algorithm (QLRA) -- which provides a possibility to represent probabilistic data of any origin by complex…
Atomic three-grating Mach-Zehnder interferometry constitutes an important tool to probe fundamental aspects of the quantum theory. There is, however, a remarkable gap in the literature between the oversimplified models and robust numerical…
This paper provides a novel metametaphysical approach to quantum indeterminacy. More specifically, it argues that bivalent quantum logic can successfully account for this kind of indeterminacy, given the non-truth-functional character of…
We present a contextualist statistical realistic model for quantum-like representations in physics, cognitive science and psychology. We apply this model to describe cognitive experiments to check quantum-like structures of mental…
In the present article we consider the inverse fallacy, a well known cognitive heuristic experimentally tested in cognitive science, which occurs for intuitive judgments in situations of bounded rationality. We show that the quantum…
We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement…
In this article we propose an approach that models the truth behavior of cognitive entities (i.e. sets of connected propositions) by taking into account in a very explicit way the possible influence of the cognitive person (the one that…
A crucial goal of quantum information is to find new ways to exploit the properties of quantum devices as resources. One of the prominent properties of quantum devices of particular interest is their negativity in quasi-probability…
Negativity is regarded as an important measure of entanglement in quantum information theory. In contrast to other measures of entanglement, it is easily computable for bipartite states in arbitrary dimensions. In this paper, based on the…
The effects of incoherence and decoherence in the double--slit experiment are studied using both optical and quantum--phenomenological models. The results are compared with experimental data obtained with cold neutrons.
The notion of weak measurement provides a formalism for extracting information from a quantum system in the limit of vanishing disturbance to its state. Here we extend this formalism to the measurement of sequences of observables. When…
Weak measurements of photon position can be used to obtain direct experimental evidence of the wavefunction of a photon between generation and ultimate detection. Significantly, these measurement results can also be understood as complex…
We define quantum-like probabilistic behaviour as behaviour which is impossible to describe by using the classical probability model. We discuss the conjecture that cognitive behaviour is quantum-like. There is presented the scheme for an…
It is notorious that quantum mechanics cannot predict well-defined values for all physical quantities. Less well-known, however, is the fact that quantum mechanics is unable to furnish -- without additional assumptions -- probabilistic…
The reduction paradigm of quantum interferometry is reanalyzed. In contrast to widespread opinion it is shown to be amenable to straightforward mathematical treatment within ``every-users'' simple-minded single particle quantum mechanics…