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The inter-temporal consumption flexibility of commercial buildings can be harnessed to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, or to provide ancillary service to the power grid. To do so, a predictive model of the building's thermal…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Qie Hu , Frauke Oldewurtel , Maximilian Balandat , Evangelos Vrettos , Datong Zhou , Claire J. Tomlin

This paper proposes a learning-based model predictive control (MPC) approach for the thermal control of a four-zone smart building. The objectives are to minimize energy consumption and maintain the residents' comfort. The proposed control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-13 Roja Eini , Sherif Abdelwahed

The building thermodynamics model, which predicts real-time indoor temperature changes under potential HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) control operations, is crucial for optimizing HVAC control in buildings. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yang Deng , Yaohui Liu , Rui Liang , Dafang Zhao , Donghua Xie , Ittetsu Taniguchi , Dan Wang

In this paper, we investigate the problem of minimizing the long-term total cost (i.e., the sum of energy cost and thermal discomfort cost) associated with a Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system of a multizone commercial…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Liang Yu , Di Xie , Tao Jiang , Yulong Zou , Kun Wang

For effective integration of building operations into the evolving demand response programs of the power grid, real-time decisions concerning the use of building appliances for grid services must excel on multiple criteria, ranging from the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-23 Milan Jain , Soumya Kundu , Arnab Bhattacharya , Sen Huang , Vikas Chandan , Nikitha Radhakrishnan , Veronica Adetola , Draguna Vrabie

Energy efficiency of buildings is considered to be one of the major means of achieving the net-zero carbon goal around the world. The big part of the energy savings are supposed to be coming from optimizing the operation of the building…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Amir-Mohammad Esmaieeli-Sikaroudi , Boris Goikhman , Dmitri Chubarov , Hung Dinh Nguyen , Michael Chertkov , Petr Vorobev

Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for approximately 38% of building energy consumption globally, making them one of the most energy-intensive services. The increasing emphasis on energy efficiency and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-12 Xinyu Liang , Frits de Nijs , Buser Say , Hao Wang

A thorough regulation of building energy systems translates in relevant energy savings and in a better comfort for the occupants. Algorithms to predict the thermal state of a building on a certain time horizon with a good confidence are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Alfredo V Clemente , Alessandro Nocente , Massimiliano Ruocco

This paper proposes a methodology of model predictive control for alleviating shallow drowsiness of office workers and thus improving their productivity. The methodology is based on dynamically scheduling setting values for air conditioning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-22 Takuma Kogo , Masanori Tsujikawa , Yukihiro Kiuchi , Atsushi Nishino , Satoshi Hashimoto

This paper presents a novel architecture for model predictive control (MPC) based indoor climate control of multi-zone buildings to provide energy efficiency. Unlike prior works we do not assume the availability of a high-resolution…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Naren Srivaths Raman , Rahul Umashankar Chaturvedi , Zhong Guo , Prabir Barooah

In this paper, we study a problem of controlling cooling facilities and computational equipments for energy-efficient operations of data centers. Although a plethora of approaches have been proposed in previous literatures, there is a lack…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Masaki Ogura , Jianxiong Wan , Shoji Kasahara

This paper explores the benefits of incorporating natural ventilation (NV) simulation into a generative process of designing residential buildings to improve energy efficiency and indoor thermal comfort. Our proposed workflow uses the Wave…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jihoon Chung , Nastaran Shahmansouri , Rhys Goldstein , James Stoddart , John Locke

Many countries are facing energy shortage today and most of the global energy is consumed by HVAC systems in buildings. For the scenarios where the energy system is not sufficiently supplied to HVAC systems, a priority-based allocation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Hongyi Li , Jun Xu , Qianchuan Zhao

Electric heat-pump water heaters (HPWHs) could reduce the energy costs, emissions, and power grid impacts associated with water heating, the second-largest energy use in United States housing. However, most HPWHs today require 240 V…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Levi D. Reyes Premer , Elias N. Pergantis , Leo Semmelmann , Davide Ziviani , Kevin J. Kircher

In this paper, we present a novel approach to perform highly efficient numerical simulations of the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system of an electric city bus. The models for this simulation are based on the assumption…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-05 Fabio Widmer , Andreas Ritter , Mathias Achermann , Fabian Büeler , Joshua Bagajo , Christopher H. Onder

Dynamic models of occupancy patterns have shown to be effective in optimizing building-systems operations. Previous research has relied on CO$_2$ sensors and vision-based techniques to determine occupancy patterns. Vision-based techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Mahsa Pahlavikhah Varnosfaderani , Arsalan Heydarian , Farrokh Jazizadeh

Classical methods to control heating systems are often marred by suboptimal performance, inability to adapt to dynamic conditions and unreasonable assumptions e.g. existence of building models. This paper presents a novel deep reinforcement…

Applications · Statistics 2018-05-11 Adam Nagy , Hussain Kazmi , Farah Cheaib , Johan Driesen

In autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs), battery energy must be judiciously allocated to satisfy primary propulsion demands and secondary auxiliary demands, particularly the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Shanthan Kumar Padisala , Satadru Dey

Building operations consume approximately 40% of global energy, with Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems responsible for up to 50% of this consumption. As HVAC energy demands are expected to rise, optimising system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Anaïs Berkes

Much of the energy consumption in buildings is due to HVAC systems, which has motivated several recent studies on making these systems more energy- efficient. Occupancy and activity are two important aspects, which need to be correctly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-09 Rajib Rana , Brano Kusy , Josh Wall , Wen Hu