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Scalar diffraction calculations such as the angular spectrum method (ASM) and Fresnel diffraction, are widely used in the research fields of optics, X-rays, electron beams, and ultrasonics. It is possible to accelerate the calculation using…
Fluorescence microscopy is widely used in biological imaging, however scattering from tissues strongly limits its applicability to a shallow depth. In this work we adapt a methodology inspired from stellar speckle interferometry, and…
The ocean is filled with phytoplankton that contribute as much photosynthesis as all land plants combined, making them vital to the carbon cycle and climate system. Recent advances in flow cytometry allow oceanographers to measure the…
Infrared optical measurement has a wide range of applications in industry and science, but infrared light detectors suffer from high costs and inferior performance than visible light detectors. Four-wave mixing (FWM) process allows…
The modulation transfer function (MTF) is widely used to characterise the performance of optical systems. Measuring it is costly and it is thus rarely available for a given lens specimen. Instead, MTFs based on simulations or, at best, MTFs…
Foundation models (FMs) are changing the way medical images are analyzed by learning from large collections of unlabeled data. Instead of relying on manually annotated examples, FMs are pre-trained to learn general-purpose visual features…
The highest three-dimensional (3D) resolution possible in in-vivo retinal imaging is achieved by combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and adaptive optics (AO). However, this combination brings important limitations, such as small…
Filter-exchange imaging (FEXI) has already been utilized in several biomedical studies for evaluating the permeability of cell membranes. The method relies on suppressing the extracellular signal using strong diffusion weighting (the…
Chromatic aberration in optical systems arises from the wavelength dependence of a glass's refractive index. Polychromatic rays incident upon an optical surface are refracted at slightly different angles and in traversing an optical system…
Photoacoustic fluctuation imaging, which exploits randomness in photoacoustic generation, provides enhanced images in terms of resolution and visibility, as compared to conventional photoacoustic images. While a few experimental…
Diffraction-limited focusing deep into biological tissue is challenging due to spherical aberrations that lead to a broadening of the focal spot particularly in axial direction. While the diffraction-limit can be restored employing…
Absolute calibration of the Pierre Auger Observatory fluorescence detectors uses a 375 nm light source at the telescope aperture. This end-to-end technique accounts for the combined effects of all detector components in a single…
Accurate measurement of polarization in spectral lines is important for the reliable inference of magnetic fields on the Sun. For ground based observations, polarimetric precision is severely limited by the presence of Earth's atmosphere.…
Wavefront-shaping is a promising approach for imaging fluorescent targets deep inside scattering tissue despite strong aberrations. It enables focusing an incoming illumination into a single spot inside tissue, as well as correcting the…
We experimentally investigate the fluorescence photon emission characteristics for single q-dots by using optical nanofibers. We demonstrate that single q-dots can be deposited along an optical nanofiber systematically and reproducibly with…
Focusing waves inside inhomogeneous media is a fundamental problem for imaging. Spatial variations of wave velocity can strongly distort propagating wavefronts and degrade image quality. Adaptive focusing can compensate for such aberration,…
When comparing nebular electron densities derived from collisionally excited lines (CELs) to those estimated using the emission measure, significant discrepancies are common. The standard solution is to view nebulae as aggregates of dense…
Focal Ratio Degradation (FRD) in fibres is a crucial factor to control in astronomical instruments in order to minimize light loss. As astronomical instrumentation has advanced, the integration of large populations of fibres has become…
To overcome the physical barriers caused by light diffraction, super-resolution techniques are often applied in fluorescence microscopy. State-of-the-art approaches require specific and often demanding acquisition conditions to achieve…
Fluorescence imaging is an essential diagnostic tool in many fields, but diffraction-limited optical imaging at depth is limited by scattering. Here, we present a method based on multiple random illuminations, combined with a computational…