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Cooperation lies at the foundations of human societies, yet why people cooperate remains a conundrum. The issue, known as network reciprocity, of whether population structure can foster cooperative behavior in social dilemmas has been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-23 Giulio Cimini , Angel Sánchez

Evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game is studied where initially all players are linked via a regular graph, having four neighbors each. Simultaneously with the strategy evolution, players are allowed to make new…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-03-27 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Zsuzsa Danku

In this work we study a weak Prisoner\^as Dilemma game in which both strategies and update rules are subjected to evolutionary pressure. Interactions among agents are specified by complex topologies, and we consider both homogeneous and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-13 A. Cardillo , J. Gomez-Gardenes , D. Vilone , A. Sanchez

We consider a broad class of stochastic imitation dynamics over networks, encompassing several well known learning models such as the replicator dynamics. In the considered models, players have no global information about the game…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Lorenzo Zino , Giacomo Como , Fabio Fagnani

We study co-evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma games where each player can imitate both the strategy and imitation rule from a randomly chosen neighbor with a probability dependent on the payoff difference when the player's income is collected…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-04 Gyorgy Szabo , Attila Szolnoki , Jeromos Vukov

Recent studies in the spatial prisoner's dilemma games with reinforcement learning have shown that static agents can learn to cooperate through a diverse sort of mechanisms, including noise injection, different types of learning algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Gustavo C. Mangold , Heitor C. M. Fernandes , Mendeli H. Vainstein

This paper examines the integration of computational complexity into game theoretic models. The example focused on is the Prisoner's Dilemma, repeated for a finite length of time. We show that a minimal bound on the players' computational…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yishay Mor , Jeffrey S. Rosenschein

The Internet has enabled the emergence of collective problem solving, also known as crowdsourcing, as a viable option for solving complex tasks. However, the openness of crowdsourcing presents a challenge because solutions obtained by it…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-20 Koji Oishi , Manuel Cebrian , Andres Abeliuk , Naoki Masuda

In this article we discuss network growth based on Prisoner's Dilemma(PD) where palyers on nodes in a network palay with its linked players. The players estimate total profits in the PD. When a new node is attached, the node make linkes to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-09-29 Norihito Toyota

Repeated game has long been the touchstone model for agents' long-run relationships. Previous results suggest that it is particularly difficult for a repeated game player to exert an autocratic control on the payoffs since they are jointly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Dong Hao , Kai Li , Tao Zhou

Stochastic games have become a prevalent framework for studying long-term multi-agent interactions, especially in the context of multi-agent reinforcement learning. In this work, we comprehensively investigate the concept of constant-memory…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Fengming Zhu , Fangzhen Lin

Reciprocity is an important feature of human social interaction and underpins our cooperative nature. What is more, simple forms of reciprocity have proved remarkably resilient in matrix game social dilemmas. Most famously, the tit-for-tat…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Tom Eccles , Edward Hughes , János Kramár , Steven Wheelwright , Joel Z. Leibo

We propose a simple model of network co-evolution in a game-dynamical system of interacting agents that play repeated games with their neighbors, and adapt their behaviors and network links based on the outcome of those games. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-28 Aram Galstyan , Ardeshir Kianercy , Armen Allahverdyan

Humans and other animals can adapt their social behavior in response to environmental cues including the feedback obtained through experience. Nevertheless, the effects of the experience-based learning of players in evolution and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-04-05 Naoki Masuda , Mitsuhiro Nakamura

A two-dimensional small-world type network, subject to spatial prisoners' dilemma dynamics and containing an influential node defined as a special node with a finite density of directed random links to the other nodes in the network, is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Beom Jun Kim , Ala Trusina , Petter Holme , Petter Minnhagen , Jean S. Chung , M. Y. Choi

This paper presents research comparing the effects of different environments on the outcome of an extended Prisoner's Dilemma, in which agents have the option to abstain from playing the game. We consider three different pure strategies:…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Marcos Cardinot , Maud Gibbons , Colm O'Riordan , Josephine Griffith

We develop an efficient algorithm to determine the memory-depth of finite state machines and apply the algorithm to a collection of iterated prisoner's dilemma strategies. The calculation agrees with the memory-depth of other…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-11 T. J. Gaffney , Marc Harper , Vincent A. Knight

Spatial evolutionary games provide a valuable framework for elucidating the emergence and maintenance of cooperative behavior. However, most previous studies assume that individuals are profiteers and neglect to consider the effects of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Bin Pi , Minyu Feng , Liang-Jian Deng

The field of Game Theory provides a useful mechanism for modeling many decision-making scenarios. In participating in these scenarios individuals and groups adopt particular strategies, which generally perform with varying levels of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Francis Lawlor , Rem Collier , Vivek Nallur

We study an independent best-response dynamics on network games in which the nodes (players) decide to revise their strategies independently with some probability. We provide several bounds on the convergence time to an equilibrium as a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Paolo Penna , Laurent Viennot