Related papers: Uniquely determined uniform probability on the nat…
A strong mode of a probability measure on a normed space $X$ can be defined as a point $u$ such that the mass of the ball centred at $u$ uniformly dominates the mass of all other balls in the small-radius limit. Helin and Burger weakened…
A weak measurement consists in coupling a system to a probe in such a way that constructive interference generates a large output. So far, only the average output of the probe and its variance were studied. Here, the characteristic function…
In probability theory, there is a tendency to treat one random variable with a given distribution as being just as good as any other. By and large this is fine because probability is (mostly) concerned with distributional properties of…
We study the singular values (and Lyapunov exponents) for products of $N$ independent $n\times n$ random matrices with i.i.d. entries. Such matrix products have been extensively analyzed using free probability, which applies when $n\to…
In this paper we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of linearly independent pure quantum states. We show that the design of the optimal measurement that minimizes the probability of an inconclusive result can…
Using the ideas of abstract algebra, we introduce the basic concepts of abstract probability theory that generalize the Kolmogorov's probability theory, possibility theory and other theories that deal with uncertainty. Based on abstract…
This work addresses the problem of computing measures of recognisable sets of infinite trees. An algorithm is provided to compute the probability measure of a tree language recognisable by a weak alternating automaton, or equivalently…
The problem of defining quantum probabilities of composite events is considered. This problem is of high importance for the theory of quantum measurements and for quantum decision theory that is a part of measurement theory. We show that…
We develop a metric and probabilistic theory for the Ostrogradsky representation of real numbers, i.e., the expansion of a real number $x$ in the following form: \begin{align*} x&= \sum_n\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{q_1q_2... q_n}=…
By using Lyapunov conditions, weak Poincar\'e inequalities are established for some probability measures on a manifold $(M,g)$. These results are further applied to the convolution of two probability measures on $\R^d$. Along with explicit…
The concept of uniform distribution in $[0,1]$ is extended for a certain strictly separated maximal (in the sense of cardinality) family $(\lambda_t)_{t \in [0,1]}$ of invariant extensions of the linear Lebesgue measure $\lambda$ in…
In this paper, we introduce and develop the concept of conditional quantization for Borel probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^k,$ considering both constrained and unconstrained frameworks. For each setting, we define the associated…
In this paper, the development of a mathematical method is presented to explore spatially non-uniform phases with no long-range order in mathematical models of first order phase transitions. We use essential results regarding the…
We consider successive measurements of position and momentum of a single particle. Let P be the conditional probability to measure the momentum k with precision dk, given a previously successful position measurement q with precision dq.…
To begin with, it is pointed out that the form of the quantum probabil- ity formula originates in the very initial state of the object system as seen when the state is expanded with the eigen-projectors of the measured ob- servable. Making…
We introduce a model of the set of all Polish (=separable complete metric) spaces: the cone $\cal R$ of distance matrices, and consider geometric and probabilistic problems connected with this object. The notion of the universal distance…
The main aim of this article is to give an exposition of weak convergence, Prohorov theorem and Prohorov spaces. In this context we study the relationship between Levy distance $\ell(F, G)$ between two distribution functions $F$ and $G$ and…
Kolmogorov complexity and algorithmic probability are defined only up to an additive resp. multiplicative constant, since their actual values depend on the choice of the universal reference computer. In this paper, we analyze a natural…
In the first part of this two-part article, we have introduced and analyzed a multidimensional model, called the 'general tension-reduction' (GTR) model, able to describe general quantum-like measurements with an arbitrary number of…
With a new proof approach we prove in a more general setting the classical convergence theorem that almost everywhere convergence of measurable functions on a finite measure space implies convergence in measure. Specifically, we generalize…