Related papers: Extremely quick thermalization in a macroscopic qu…
We discuss the thermalization process in the kinetic approximation in the presence of non--zero initial anomalous quantum expectation values on top of an initial non--planckian (non--thermal) level population. Namely we derive a system of…
We study two small quantum systems coupled to the same reservoir which is in thermal equilibrium. By studying the particle density and the energy density in the two systems before and after they contact each other, we find that the two…
It is usually expected and observed that non-integrable isolated quantum systems thermalize. However, for some non-integrable spin chain models, in a numerical study, initial states with oscillations that persisted for some time were found…
Classifying quantum states usually demands to observe properties such as the amount of correlation at one point in time. Further insight may be gained by inspecting the dynamics in a given evolution scheme. Here we attempt such a…
Understanding the realization of thermal equilibrium through the thermalization process in a many-body system is a fundamental and complex scientific question, bridging thermodynamics and classical dynamics and connecting to a host of…
We revisist the issue of entanglement of thermal equilibrium states in composite quantum systems. The possible scenarios are exemplified in bipartite qubit/qubit and qubit/qutrit systems.
The universe is certainly not yet in total thermodynamical equilibrium,so clearly some law telling about special initial conditions is needed. A universe or a system imposed to behave periodically gets thereby required ``initial…
A recently proposed method for the characterization and analysis of local equilibrium states in relativistic quantum field theory is applied to a simple model. Within this model states are identified which are locally (but not globally) in…
We argue that macroscopic electrodynamics is unsuited to describe the process of radiative thermalization between a levitated nanoparticle in high vacuum and the thermal electromagnetic field. Based on physical arguments, we propose a model…
We consider the question of thermalization for isolated quantum systems after a sudden parameter change, a so-called quantum quench. In part icular we investigate the pre-requisites for thermalization focusing on the statistical properties…
Thermalization in closed quantum systems can be explained either by means of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis or the concept of canonical typicality. Both concepts are based on quantum mechanical formalism such as spectral…
We propose a generalization of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis accounting for the emergence of symmetry-breaking phases. It consists of two conditions that any system with a degenerate spectrum must fulfill in order to thermalize.…
The irreversible entropy increase described by the second law of thermodynamics is fundamentally tied to thermalization and the emergence of equilibrium. In the first part of our work (Ref: arXiv.2503.04152), we constructed an isolated gas…
The thermal or equilibrium ensemble is one of the most ubiquitous states of matter. For models comprised of many locally interacting quantum particles, it describes a wide range of physical situations, relevant to condensed matter physics,…
Hydrodynamical analysis of experimental data of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions seems to indicate that the hot QCD matter created in the collisions thermalizes very quickly. Theoretically, we have no idea why this should be true. In…
Classical arguments for thermalization of isolated systems do not apply in a straightforward way to the quantum case. Recently, there has been interest in diagnostics of quantum chaos in many- body systems. In the classical case, chaos is a…
We study thermalization within a quantum system with an enhanced capacity to store information. This system has been recently introduced to provide a prototype model of how a black hole processes and stores information. We perform a…
In an isolated quantum many-body system undergoing unitary evolution, the entropy of a subsystem (smaller than half the system size) thermalizes if at long times, it is to leading order equal to the thermodynamic entropy of the subsystem at…
We consider the set of all initial states within a microcanonical energy shell of an isolated many-body quantum system, which exhibit the same, arbitrary but fixed non-equilibrium expectation value for some given observable $A$. On…
Focusing on isolated macroscopic systems, described either in terms of a quantum mechanical or a classical model, our two key questions are: In how far does an initial ensemble (usually far from equilibrium and largely unknown in detail)…