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Determining the local coordination of the active site is a pre-requisite for the reliable modeling of single-atom catalysts (SACs). Obtaining such information is difficult on powder-based systems, so much emphasis is placed on density…
Signaling networks are designed to sense an environmental stimulus and adapt to it. We propose and study a minimal model of signaling network that can sense and respond to external stimuli of varying strength in an adaptive manner. The…
For millennia, cyanobacteria have evolved strategies for acclimatization to dynamic environments- this requires a molecular response system. Phosphate is essential for cellular integrity and metabolism, yet inorganic phosphate is often the…
Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is essential in understanding the properties of 5d transition metal compounds, whose SOC value is large and almost comparable to other key parameters. Over the past few years, there have been numerous studies on…
We study the synchronisation of neurons in a realistic model under the Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics. To focus on the role of the different locations of the excitatory synapses, we use two identical neurons where the set of input signals is…
Despite their significant functional roles, beta-band oscillations are least understood. Synchronization in neuronal networks have attracted much attention in recent years with the main focus on transition type. Whether one obtains…
Recent advances in microscopy and 3D reconstruction methods have allowed for characterization of cellular morphology in unprecedented detail, including the irregular geometries of intracellular subcompartments such as membrane-bound…
We have used the photoemission spectroscopy of the graphite hollow cathode sooting discharge to identify the roles played by the kinetic and potential sputtering, respectively. Our indicators are the relative densities of the sputtered…
The photosystem II reaction centre is the photosynthetic complex responsible for oxygen production on Earth. Its water splitting function is particularly favoured by the formation of a stable charge separated state via a pathway that starts…
Both syntactic and semantic structures are key linguistic contextual clues, in which parsing the latter has been well shown beneficial from parsing the former. However, few works ever made an attempt to let semantic parsing help syntactic…
We model sensory streams as observations from high-dimensional stochastic dynamical systems and conceptualize sensory neurons as self-supervised learners of compact representations of such dynamics. From prior experience, neurons learn…
Recent studies have shown that metaplastic synapses can retain information longer than simple binary synapses and are beneficial for continual learning. In this paper, we explore the multistate metaplastic synapse characteristics in the…
Models of eye-movement control during reading, developed largely within psychology, usually focus on visual, attentional, lexical, and motor processes but neglect post-lexical language processing; by contrast, models of sentence…
Recent experiments suggested that homeostatic regulation of synaptic balance leads the visual system to recover and maintain a regime of power-law avalanches. Here we study an excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) mean-field neuronal network that has…
The SARS-CoV-2 RNA pseudoknot is a promising target for antiviral intervention, as it regulates the efficiency of $-$1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting ($-$1 PRF), a mechanism that is essential for viral protein synthesis. The pseudoknot…
Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices display volatile characteristics, and are not well suited for analog applications such as neuromorphic computing. Spintronic devices, on the other hand, exhibit both non-volatile and…
Based on a biophysical model of retinal Starburst Amacrine Cell (SAC) \cite{karvouniari-gil-etal:19} we analyse here the dynamics of retinal waves, arising during the visual system development. Waves are induced by spontaneous bursting of…
Complementary resistive switches (CRS) are considered as a potential solution for the sneak path problem in large-scale integration of passive crossbar resistive memory arrays. A typical CRS is composed of two bipolar memory cells that are…
Recently, Transformers have emerged as the go-to architecture for both vision and language modeling tasks, but their computational efficiency is limited by the length of the input sequence. To address this, several efficient variants of…
Using computational modelling, we investigate mechanisms of signal transduction focusing on the spindle assembly checkpoint where a single unattached kinetochore is able to signal to prevent cell cycle progression. This inhibitory signal…