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Hawking's 1974 calculation of thermal emission from a classical black hole led to his 1976 proposal that information may be lost from our universe as a pure quantum state collapses gravitationally into a black hole, which then evaporates…
This paper discusses the thermodynamics of a black hole with respect to Hawking radiation and the entropy. We look at a unified picture of black hole entropy and curvature and how this can lead to the usual black hole luminosity due to…
The density matrix of Hawking radiation is calculated in the model of black hole with fluctuating horizon. Quantum fluctuations smear the classical horizon of black hole and modify the density matrix of radiation producing the off-diagonal…
In this paper we investigate the properties of tunneling spectrum from weakly isolated horizon(WIH). We find that there are correlations among Hawking radiations from weakly isolated horizon, the information can be carried out in terms of…
Modeling the collapse of an extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"om (ERN) black hole by solving the corresponding moving mirror model for the trajectory that asymptotically approaches uniform acceleration, we obtain the non-zero beta coefficients for…
Hawking's discovery that black holes can evaporate through radiation emission has posed a number of questions that with time became fundamental hallmarks for a quantum theory of gravity. The most famous one is likely the information…
This paper revisits the conundrum faced when one attempts to understand the dynamics of black hole formation and evaporation without abandoning unitary evolution. Previous efforts to resolve this puzzle assume that information escapes in…
If black hole formation and evaporation can be described by an $S$ matrix, information would be expected to come out in black hole radiation. An estimate shows that it may come out initially so slowly, or else be so spread out, that it…
Hawking radiation is nowadays being understood as tunnelling through black hole horizons. Here, the extension of the Hamilton-Jacobi approach to tunnelling for non-rotating and rotating black holes in different non-singular coordinate…
An effective energy tensor for gravitational radiation is identified for uniformly expanding flows of the Hawking mass-energy. It appears in an energy conservation law expressing the change in mass due to the energy densities of matter and…
The quantum stress-energy tensor of a massless scalar field propagating in the two-dimensional Vaidya-de Sitter metric, which describes a classical model spacetime for a dynamical evaporating black hole in an inflationary universe, is…
A coherent picture of the quantum mechanics of a collapse-formed, evaporating black hole is presented. In a distant frame, semiclassical theory in the zone describes microscopic dynamics of only the "hard modes," the modes that are hard…
While recent progress in the black hole information problem has shown that the entropy of Hawking radiation follows a unitary Page curve, the quantum state of Hawking radiation prior the Page time is still treated as purely thermal,…
A black hole evaporates by Hawking radiation. Each mode of that radiation is thermal. If the total state is nevertheless to be pure, modes must be entangled. Estimating the minimum size of this entanglement has been an important outstanding…
A mechanism is found that explains how matter falling into the future event horizon of a black hole leaves information there, which it sends to the past event horizon, and there it determines how particles are emitted. This way information…
This paper argues that the effect of Hawking radiation on an astrophysical black hole situated in a realistic cosmological context is not total evaporation of the black hole; rather there will always be a remnant mass. The key point is that…
There have been various interpretations of Hawking radiation proposed based on the perturbative approach, and all have confirmed Hawking's original finding. One major conceptual challenge of Hawking evaporation is the associated black hole…
Several recent papers have shown a close relationship between entanglement wedge reconstruction and the unitarity of black hole evaporation in AdS/CFT. The analysis of these papers however has a rather puzzling feature: all calculations are…
The black-hole information paradox has fueled a fascinating effort to reconcile the predictions of general relativity and those of quantum mechanics. Gravitational considerations teach us that black holes must trap everything that falls…
This study investigates the evaporation process of a Schwarzschild black hole, incorporating quantum corrections arising from conformal anomaly and vacuum polarization. We demonstrate that these corrections significantly alter the Hawking…