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In liquid democracy, agents can either vote directly or delegate their vote to a different agent of their choice. This results in a power structure in which certain agents possess more voting weight than others. As a result, it opens up…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shiri Alouf-Heffetz , Tanmay Inamdar , Pallavi Jain , Yash More , Nimrod Talmon

In recent years, the study of various models and questions related to Liquid Democracy has been of growing interest among the community of Computational Social Choice. A concern that has been raised, is that current academic literature…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Evangelos Markakis , Georgios Papasotiropoulos

Liquid democracy is the principle of making collective decisions by letting agents transitively delegate their votes. Despite its significant appeal, it has become apparent that a weakness of liquid democracy is that a small subset of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Paul Gölz , Anson Kahng , Simon Mackenzie , Ariel D. Procaccia

We present an alternative voting system that aims at bridging the gap between proportional representative systems and majoritarian, single winner election systems. The system lets people vote for multiple parties, but then assigns each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-01 Pietro Speroni di Fenizio , Daniele A. Gewurz

We examine an approval-based model of Liquid Democracy with a budget constraint on voting and delegating costs, aiming to centrally select casting voters ensuring complete representation of the electorate. From a computational complexity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Shiri Alouf-Heffetz , Łukasz Janeczko , Grzegorz Lisowski , Georgios Papasotiropoulos

The paper provides an analysis of the voting method known as delegable proxy voting, or liquid democracy. The analysis first positions liquid democracy within the theory of binary aggregation. It then focuses on two issues of the system:…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Zoé Christoff , Davide Grossi

The paper considers a general model of electoral systems combining district-based elections with a compensatory mechanism in order to create any outcome between strictly majoritarian and purely proportional seat allocation. It contains vote…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-27 László Csató

Limited Voting (LV) is an approval-based method for multi-winner elections where all ballots are required to have a same fixed size. While it appears to be used as voting method in corporate governance and has some political applications,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Maaike Venema-Los , Zoé Christoff , Davide Grossi

Liquid democracy is a novel paradigm for collective decision-making that gives agents the choice between casting a direct vote or delegating their vote to another agent. We consider a generalization of the standard liquid democracy setting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Markus Brill , Théo Delemazure , Anne-Marie George , Martin Lackner , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

Proponents of participatory democracy praise Liquid Democracy: decisions are taken by referendum, but voters delegate their votes freely. When better informed voters are present, delegation can increase the probability of a correct…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-24 Victoria Mooers , Joseph Campbell , Alessandra Casella , Lucas de Lara , Dilip Ravindran

The new voting system of the Council of the European Union cannot be represented as the intersection of six or fewer weighted games, i.e., its dimension is at least 7. This sets a new record for real-world voting bodies. A heuristic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-26 Sascha Kurz , Stefan Napel

In this study, we propose a generalization of the classic model of liquid democracy that allows fractional delegation of voting weight, while simultaneously allowing for the existence of equilibrium states. Our approach empowers agents to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Francisco M. Bersetche

Liquid democracy is a form of transitive delegative democracy that has received a flurry of scholarly attention from the computer science community in recent years. In its simplest form, every agent starts with one vote and may have other…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Brian Brubach , Audrey Ballarin , Heeba Nazeer

How to elect the representatives in legislative bodies is a question that every modern democracy has to answer. This design task has to consider various elements so as to fulfill the citizens' expectations and contribute to the maintenance…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Javier Cembrano , José Correa , Gonzalo Díaz , Victor Verdugo

Transitive proxy voting (or "liquid democracy") is a novel form of collective decision making, often framed as an attractive hybrid of direct and representative democracy. Although the ideas behind liquid democracy have garnered widespread…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jacqueline Harding

Liquid democracy with ranked delegations is a novel voting scheme that unites the practicability of representative democracy with the idealistic appeal of direct democracy: Every voter decides between casting their vote on a question at…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Markus Utke , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

Liquid democracy is a mechanism for the division of labor in decision-making through the transitive delegation of influence. In essence, all individuals possess the autonomy to determine the issues with which they will engage directly,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Davide Grossi , Andreas Nitsche

Hong Kong case law translation presents significant challenges: manual methods suffer from high costs and inconsistent quality, while both traditional machine translation and approaches relying solely on Large Language Models (LLMs) often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xi Xuan , Chunyu Kit

In representative democracies, the election of new representatives in regular election cycles is meant to prevent corruption and other misbehavior by elected officials and to keep them accountable in service of the ``will of the people."…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Xiaolin Sun , Jacob Masur , Ben Abramowitz , Nicholas Mattei , Zizhan Zheng

In this paper, we study liquid democracy, a collective decision making paradigm which lies between direct and representative democracy. One main feature of liquid democracy is that voters can delegate their votes in a transitive manner so…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Bruno Escoffier , Hugo Gilbert , Adèle Pass-Lanneau
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