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Buckingham expansion is important for understanding molecular multipoles and (hyper)polarizabilities. In this study, we give a complete derivation of Buckingham expansion in the traced form using successive Taylor series. Based on such…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Houxian Chen , Menglin Liu , Tianying Yan

Density matrices of pure multiphoton Fock polarization states and of arising from them reduced density matrices of mixed states are expressed in similar ways in terms of matrices of correlators defined as averaged products of equal numbers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-08 S. V. Vintskevich , D. A. Grigoriev , N. I. Miklin , M. V. Fedorov

This work discuss the entanglement and quantum polarization of superpositions of two-mode coherent states. We use the concurrence to measure their entanglements and the quantum Stokes parameters and the Q function in order to analyze their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-02 Joao Batista Rosa Silva , Rubens Viana Ramos

Studying and understanding social networks is crucial for accurately defining ideological polarization, since they enable precise modeling of social structures. One of the limitations of many methods for quantifying polarization on networks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Christian Weidemann

A detailed and formal account of polarization measurements using Bayesian analysis is given based on the assumption of gaussian error for the Stokes parameters. This analysis is crucial for the measurement of the polarization degree and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Jason L. Quinn

A new method is described for determining the quantum state of correlated multimode radiation by interfering the modes and measuring the statistics of the superimposed fields in four-port balanced homodyne detection. The full information on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 T. Opatrny , D. -G. Welsch , W. Vogel

New effects of polarization multistability and polarization hysteresis in a coherently driven polariton condensate in a semiconductor microcavity are predicted and theoretically analyzed. The multistability arises due to…

With the help of mathematical technique of irreducible tensors the multipole expansion for the probability amplitude of spontaneous radiation of a quantum system is derived. It is shown that the found series represents the total radiation…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2014-10-09 M. Ya. Agre

Information about the three-dimensional structure of solar magnetic fields is encoded in the polarized spectra of solar radiation by a host of physical processes. To extract this information, solar spectra must be obtained in a variety of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-24 Steven Tomczyk , Roberto Casini , Alfred G. de Wijn , Peter G. Nelson

We further elaborate the theory of quantum fluctuations in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), developed in Ref. \cite{Hermier02}. In particular, we introduce the quantum Stokes parameters to describe the quantum self- and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-24 Yu. M. Golubev , T. Yu. Golubeva , M. I. Kolobov , E. Giacobino

We consider the propagation of polarized photons in optical fibers under the action of randomly generated noise. In such situation, the change in time of the photon polarization can be described by a quantum dynamical semigroup. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Benatti , R. Floreanini

For multiqubit densities, the tensor of coherences (or Stokes tensor) is a real parameterization obtained by the juxtaposition of the affine Bloch vectors of each qubit. While it maintains the tensorial structure of the underlying space, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-05 Claudio Altafini

We describe a method for precise estimation of the polarization of a mesoscopic spin ensemble by using its coupling to a single two-level system. Our approach requires a minimal number of measurements on the two-level system for a given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Giedke , J. M. Taylor , D. D'Alessandro , M. D. Lukin , A. Imamoglu

We give an explicit sequence of polarizations such that for every measurable function, the sequence of iterated polarizations converge to the symmetric rearrangement of the initial function.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-12-22 Jean Van Schaftingen

This paper introduces an extension to the normal distribution through the polar method to capture bimodality and asymmetry, which are often observed characteristics of empirical data. The later two features are entirely controlled by a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-31 Masoud Faridi , Majid Jafari Khaledi

Stokes parameters are a standard tool in quantum optics. They involve averaged intensities at exits of polarizers. If the overall measured intensity fluctuates, as e.g. for states with undefined photon numbers, the instances of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-07 Marek Zukowski , Wieslaw Laskowski , Marcin Wiesniak

With the forthcoming release of high precision polarization measurements, such as from the Planck satellite, the metrology of polarization needs to improve. In particular, it is crucial to take into account full knowledge of the noise…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-11 L. Montier , S. Plaszczynski , F. Levrier , M. Tristram , D. Alina , I. Ristorcelli , J. -P. Bernard

An example of a coherent measurement for the direct evaluation of the degree of polarization of a single-mode optical beam is presented. It is applied to the case of great practical importance where depolarization is caused by polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 N. Gisin

We present a moment expansion method for the systematic characterization of the polarization properties of quantum states of light. Specifically, we link the method to the measurements of the Stokes operator in different directions on the…

A measure of the degree of polarization for the three-dimensional polarization matrix (coherence matrix) of an electromagnetic field is proposed, based on Rayleigh scattering. The degree of polarization, due to dipole scattering of the…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. R. Dennis