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To simulate long time and length scale processes involving DNA it is necessary to use a coarse-grained description. Here we provide an overview of different approaches to such coarse graining, focussing on those at the nucleotide level that…

We introduce oxNA, a new model for the simulation of DNA-RNA hybrids which is based on two previously developed coarse-grained models$\unicode{x2014}$oxDNA and oxRNA. The model naturally reproduces the physical properties of hybrid duplexes…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-19 Eryk J. Ratajczyk , Petr Šulc , Andrew J. Turberfield , Jonathan P. K. Doye , Ard A. Louis

Developing physics-based models for molecular simulation requires fitting many unknown parameters to diverse experimental datasets. Traditionally, this process is piecemeal and difficult to reproduce, leading to a fragmented landscape of…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Ryan K. Krueger , Megan C. Engel , Ryan Hausen , Michael P. Brenner

In this work, we review previously developed coarse-grained (CG) particle models for biological membrane and red blood cells (RBCs) and discuss the advantages of the CG particle method over the continuum and atomic simulations on modeling…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-07-18 He Li , Hung-yu Chang , Jun Yang , Lu Lu , George Lykotrafitis

Soft condensed matter structures often challenge us with complex many-body phenomena governed by collective modes spanning wide spatial and temporal domains. In order to successfully tackle such problems mesoscopic coarse-grained (CG)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-12 Vlad P Sokhan , Michael A Seaton , Ilian T Todorov

Coarse-Graining (CG) models are low resolution approximation of high resolution models, such as all-atomic (AA) models. An effective CG model is expected to reproduce equilibrium values of sufficient physical quantities of its AA model,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-02-10 Shijing Lu , Xin Zhou

We critically discuss and review the general ideas behind single- and multi-site coarse-grained (CG) models as applied to macromolecular solutions in the dilute and semi-dilute regime. We first consider single-site models with zero-density…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-10-28 Giuseppe D'Adamo , Roberto Menichetti , Andrea Pelissetto , Carlo Pierleoni

We introduce an extended version of oxDNA, a coarse-grained model of DNA designed to capture the thermodynamic, structural and mechanical properties of single- and double-stranded DNA. By including explicit major and minor grooves, and by…

We present a quantitative, multi-scale coarse-grained model of DNA coated colloids. The parameters of this model are transferable and are solely based on experimental data. As a test case, we focus on nano-sized colloids carrying…

We construct a coarse-grained (CG) model for dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/cholesterol bilayers and apply it to large-scale simulation studies of lipid membranes. Our CG model is a two-dimensional representation of the membrane,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Teemu Murtola , Emma Falck , Michael Patra , Mikko Karttunen , Ilpo Vattulainen

All-atom simulations have become increasingly popular to study conformational and dynamical properties of nucleic acids as they are accurate and provide high spatial and time resolutions. This high resolution however comes at a heavy…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-08-23 Aderik Voorspoels , Jocelyne Vreede , Enrico Carlon

Understanding the three-dimensional (3D) structure and stability of DNA is fundamental for its biological function and the design of novel drugs. In this study, we introduce an improved coarse-grained (CG) model, incorporating a more…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-22 Xunxun Wang , Ya-Zhou Shi

Performing full-resolution atomistic simulations of nucleic acid folding has remained a challenge for biomolecular modeling. Understanding how nucleic acids fold and how they transition between different folded structures as they unfold and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-18 Chi H. Mak

In this work, a coarse-grained (CG) model of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polymer matrix composites is developed. A distinguishing feature of the CG model is the ability to capture interactions between polymer chains and nanotubes. The…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Behrouz Arash , Harold S. Park , Timon Rabczuk

Coarse-grained models have played an important role in the study of the behavior of DNA at length scales beyond a few hundred base pairs. Traditionally, these models have relied on structurally featureless and sequence-independent…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-10 Enrico Skoruppa , Helmut Schiessel

In this work we describe a set of Coarse-grained (CG) tools that allow to simulate the uptake of the nanoparticles (NPs) coated with proteins by a lipid bilayer. We describe a CG model to calculate the adsorption energies and the most…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-11-23 Hender Lopez , Erik Brandt , Alexander Mirzoev , Dmitry Zhurkin , Alexander Lyubartsev , Vladimir Lobaskin

The recently proposed compressed backbone theory suggested that the intrinsic curvature in DNA can result from a geometric mismatch between the specific backbone length and optimal base stacking orientations. It predicted that the curvature…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Dimitri E. Kamashev , Alexey K. Mazur

Coarse-grained (CG) models are often parametrized to reproduce one-dimensional structural correlation functions of an atomically-detailed model along the degrees of freedom governing each interaction potential. While cross correlations…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-12-02 Svenja J. Woerner , Tristan Bereau , Kurt Kremer , Joseph F. Rudzinski

Three coarse-grained models of the double-stranded DNA are proposed and compared in the context of mechanical manipulation such as twisting and various schemes of stretching. The models differ in the number of effective beads (between two…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-13 Szymon Niewieczerzał , Marek Cieplak

In analogy with classic rigidity problems of networks and frames, the elastic properties of hydrogels made of DNA nanostars (DNAns) are expected to strongly depend on the precise geometry of their building blocks. However, it is currently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-03 Yair Augusto Gutierrez Fosado