Related papers: Classical entanglement in polarization metrology
We present detailed instructions for constructing and operating an apparatus to produce and detect polarization-entangled photons. The source operates by type-I spontaneous parametric downconversion in a two-crystal geometry. Photons are…
Duality in the entanglement of identical particles manifests that entanglement in only one variable can be revealed at a time. We demonstrate this using polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM) variables of indistinguishable photons…
Given the multitude of applications of vector vortex beams there is a need for robust tools to measure them. Here we exploit the non-separability of such beams, akin to entanglement of quantum states, to apply tools traditionally associated…
Nonlocality as a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics is witnessed by violation of Bell inequality or its variants, for which all relevant studies assume some correlations exhibited by local realistic theories. The strategy of Bell's…
Photons may have homogeneous polarization and may carry quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM). Photon entanglement has been realized in various degrees of freedom such as polarization and OAM. Using a pair of orthogonally polarized…
The manipulation of quantum entanglement has found enormous potential for improving performances of devices such as gyroscopes, clocks, and even computers. Similar improvements have been demonstrated for lithography and microscopy. We…
Quantum entanglement -- correlations of particles that are stronger than any classical analogue -- is the basis for research on the foundations of quantum mechanics and for practical applications such as quantum networks. Traditionally,…
Light shaping facilitates the preparation and detection of optical states and underlies many applications in communications, computing, and imaging. In this Letter, we generalize light shaping to the quantum domain. We show that patterns of…
It is possible to prepare classical optical beams which cannot be characterized by a tensor product of vectors describing each of their degrees of freedom. Here we report the experimental creation of such a non-separable, tripartite…
We propose probabilistic controlled-NOT and controlled-phase gates for qubits stored in the polarization of photons. The gates are composed of linear optics and photon detectors, and consume polarization entangled photon pairs. The fraction…
We investigate how the polarization correlations of entangled photons described by wave packets are modified when measured by moving detectors. For this purpose, we analyze the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt Bell inequality as a function of the…
We show how entanglement may be quantified in spin and cold atom many-body systems using standard experimental techniques only. The scheme requires no assumptions on the state in the laboratory and a lower bound to the entanglement can be…
Based on two-photon entanglement, quantum remote sensing enables the measurement and detection to be done non-locally and remotely. However, little attention has been paid to implement a noncontact way to sense a real objects angular…
We propose a simple and realizable method using a two-particle interferometer for the experimental measurement of pairwise entanglement, assuming some prior knowledge about the quantum state. The basic idea is that the properties of the…
The Mueller-Stokes formalism which governs conventional polarization optics is formulated for plane waves, and thus the only qualification one could demand of a $4\times 4$ real matrix $M$ in order that it qualifies to be the Mueller matrix…
We have experimentally evaluated the non-classical relation between measurement errors in a joint measurement of two non-commuting polarizations by using entangled photon pairs as a probe. The joint measurement was realized by filtering…
Entangled photon pairs -- discrete light quanta that exhibit non-classical correlations -- play a crucial role in quantum information science (for example in demonstrations of quantum non-locality and quantum cryptography). At the…
We report on the quantification of entanglement by means of entanglement measures on a four- and a six- qubit cluster state realized by using photons entangled both in polarization and linear momentum. This paper also addresss the question…
We explore the advantages offered by twin light beams produced in parametric down-conversion for precision measurement. The symmetry of these bipartite quantum states, even under losses, suggests that monitoring correlations between the…
In this article, we investigate the problem of entanglement characterization with polarization measurements combined with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). A realistic scenario is considered with measurement results distorted by random…