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Quantum biosensors offer a promising route to overcome the sensitivity and specificity limitations of conventional biosensing technologies. Their ability to detect biochemical signals at extremely low concentrations makes them strong…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-05 Yasaman Torabi , Shahram Shirani , James P. Reilly

Graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) are among the most promising platforms for ultrasensitive chemical and biological sensing due to their high carrier mobility, large surface area, and low intrinsic noise. However, conventional…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Vinay Kammarchedu , Heshmat Asgharian , Hossein Chenani , Aida Ebrahimi

Despite the great promise of carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNT FETs) for applications in chemical and biochemical detection, a quantitative understanding of sensor responses is lacking. To explore the role of electrostatics in…

We have demonstrated atomically thin, quantum capacitance-limited, field-effect transistors (FETs) that enable the detection of pH changes with ~75-fold higher sensitivity (4.4 V/pH) over the Nernst value of 59 mV/pH at room temperature…

Silicon-based photonic biosensors, such as microring resonators and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, offer significant potential for the detection of analytes at low concentrations. To enhance response time and improve the limit of detection…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-01 Anders Henriksson , Peter Neubauer , Mario Birkholz

We employ noise spectroscopy and transconductance measurements to establish the optimal regimes of operation for our fabricated silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (Si NW FETs) sensors. A strong coupling between the liquid gate and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Sergii Pud , Jing Li , Volodymyr Sibiliev , Mykhaylo Petrychuk , Valery Kovalenko , Andreas Offenhäusser , Svetlana Vitusevich

In this work we combine a Fin Field Effect Transistor (Fin-FET) characterised by a high height to width aspect ratio with high-k dielectric materials to study the optimized design for chemical-FETs to provide higher transconductance (and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-07-26 Serena Rollo , Dipti Rani , Wouter Olthuis , César Pascual García

Integrated chemical and biological sensors give advantages in cost, size and weight reduction and open new prospects for parallel monitoring and analysis. Biosensors based on nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are the most attractive…

Optics · Physics 2019-04-29 Dmitry Yu. Fedyanin , Yury V. Stebunov

This review provides a critical overview of current developments on nanoelectronic biochemical sensors based on graphene. Composed of a single layer of conjugated carbon atoms, graphene has outstanding high carrier mobility and low…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-14 Xiaoyan Zhang , Qiushi Jing , Shen Ao , Grégory F. Schneider , Dmitry Kireev , Zhengjun Zhang , Wangyang Fu

The biofunctionalization of nanoelectromechanical structures is critical for the development of new classes of biosensors displaying improved performances and higher-level of integration. We propose a modified microcontact printing method…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Sven Salomon , Thierry Leichle , Denis Dezest , Florent Seichepine , Samuel Guillon , Christophe Thibault , Christophe Vieu , Liviu Nicu

In this work, we demonstrate a silicon nanocrystal Field Effect Transistor (ncFET). Its operation is similar to that of a Tunnelling Field Effect Transistor (TFET) with two barriers in series. The tunnelling barriers are fabricated in very…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 Patrick Harvey-Collard , Dominique Drouin , Michel Pioro-Ladrière

Nanoparticle-based fluorescent sensors have emerged as a competitive alternative to small molecule sensors, due to their excellent fluorescence-based sensing capabilities. The tailorability of design, architecture, and photophysical…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Anil Chandra , Saumya Prasad , Giuseppe Gigli , Loretta L. del Mercato

In this letter, we propose a dielectric-modulated Impact-Ionization MOS (DIMOS) transistor based sensor for application in label-free detection of biomolecules. Numerous reports exist on the experimental demonstration of nanogap-embedded…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-03-28 N. Kannan , M. Jagadesh Kumar

High performance enhancement mode semiconducting carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are obtained by combining ohmic metal-tube contacts, high dielectric constant HfO2 films as gate insulators, and electrostatically doped…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Ali Javey , Jing Guo , Damon B. Farmer , Qian Wang , Dunwei Wang , Roy G. Gordon , Mark Lundstrom , Hongjie Dai

With the growing interest in graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) for biosensing applications, there is a strong demand for strategies enabling flexible and multiplexed biofunctionalization, as well as highly parallel, real-time…

The tumor microenvironment (TME) features distinct hallmarks, including acidosis, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and altered ion fluxes, which are crucial targets for early cancer biomarker detection, tumor diagnosis,…

Molecular communications (MC), where molecules are used to encode, transmit, and receive information, is a promising means of enabling the coordination of nanoscale devices. The paradigm has been extensively studied from various aspects,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Murat Kuscu , Ozgur B. Akan

Label-free biosensors are important tools for clinical diagnostics and for studying biology at the single molecule level. The development of optical label-free sensors has allowed extreme sensitivity, but can expose the biological sample to…

We report optically as well as electronically controlled, bio-electronic field-effect transistor (FET) based on the hybrid film of a photo-active purple membrane and electronically conducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Two…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Vikram Bakaraju , Senthil Prasad , Brijesh Meena , Harsh Chaturvedi

Field-Effect Transistors with graphene channels or GFETs are an interesting alternative for the detection of analytes in biological fluids since the electrical behavior of the channel changes when exposed to a sample (among other detection…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Ricardo Bravo , Ricardo Silva , Eric Barret , John Brunnings , Adianette Segarra