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Despite recent advances in semantic Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for terrestrial and aerial applications, underwater semantic SLAM remains an open and largely unaddressed research problem due to the unique sensing modalities…
Gravimeters are devices which measure changes in the value of the gravitational acceleration, \textit{g}. This information is used to infer changes in density under the ground allowing the detection of subsurface voids; mineral, oil and gas…
This paper investigates the performance of the micro-electro-mechanical systems resonant sensor used for particle detection and concentration measurement. These fine and ultra-fine particles such as particulate matter (PM), ferrous…
In this work, we investigate the use of OpenStreetMap data for semantic labeling of Earth Observation images. Deep neural networks have been used in the past for remote sensing data classification from various sensors, including…
Interfacial polar molecules feature a strongly anisotropic response to applied electric field, favoring dipole orientations parallel to the interface. In water, in particular, this effect combines with generic orientational preferences…
Breakthroughs in our understanding of physical phenomena have traditionally followed improvements in instrumentation. Studies of the magnetic field of the Sun, and its influence on the solar dynamo and space weather events, have benefited…
Accurate 3D volumetric mapping is critical for autonomous underwater vehicles operating in obstacle-rich environments. Vision-based perception provides high-resolution data but fails in turbid conditions, while sonar is robust to lighting…
We demonstrate atomic magnetometry using a metasurface polarizing beamsplitter fabricated on a silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) platform. The metasurface splits a beam that is near-resonant with the rubidium atoms (795 nm) into orthogonal linear…
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology is advancing seismic monitoring by providing dense observations near earthquake sources. However, the resulting data volumes often limit real-time processing capability, with most seismological…
We discuss the utility of a low resolution prism as a component of a Multi-Object Spectrometer for NASA's proposed Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST). Low resolution prism spectroscopy permits simultaneous observation of the 0.6-5micron…
Over the past decades, there has been an explosion in the amount of available Earth Observation (EO) data. The unprecedented coverage of the Earth's surface and atmosphere by satellite imagery has resulted in large volumes of data that must…
Observation of quantum phenomena in cryogenic, optically cooled mechanical resonators has been recently achieved by a few experiments based on cavity optomechanics. A well-established experimental platform is based on a thin film…
Sensing light's polarization and wavefront direction enables surface curvature assessment, material identification, shadow differentiation, and improved image quality in turbid environments. Traditional polarization cameras utilize multiple…
Detecting the faint signal of continuous gravitational waves (CWs) stands as a major frontier in gravitational-wave astronomy, pushing the need for detectors whose sensitivity exceeds the standard quantum limit (SQL). Here, we propose an…
3D situational awareness is critical for any autonomous system. However, when operating underwater, environmental conditions often dictate the use of acoustic sensors. These acoustic sensors are plagued by high noise and a lack of 3D…
Reliable depth estimation from spherical images is crucial for 360{\deg} vision in robotic navigation and immersive scene understanding. However, the onboard spherical camera can experience unintentional pose variations in real-world…
Radar sounders are electromagnetic instruments that can probe deep into the subsurface of Earth and other planetary bodies by processing the echo of transmitted radar waves. Conventional approaches for analyzing such data rely on…
Maritime surveillance (MS) is of paramount importance for search and rescue operations, fishery monitoring, pollution control, law enforcement, migration monitoring, and national security policies. Since ground-based radars and automatic…
The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides two-dimensional sea surface height (SSH) maps at unprecedented resolution, but its signal is a combination of balanced meso- and submesoscale turbulence, unbalanced internal…
Sub-nanometer displacement detection lays the solid foundation for critical applications in modern metrology. In-plane displacement sensing, however, is mainly dominated by the detection of differential photocurrent signals from…