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A model-free measure of coupling between dynamical variables is built from time series embedding principle. The approach described does not require a mathematical form for the dynamics to be assumed. The approach also does not require…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2014-02-18 Chetan Nichkawde

Interpretation methods to reveal the internal reasoning processes behind machine learning models have attracted increasing attention in recent years. To quantify the extent to which the identified interpretations truly reflect the intrinsic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Chun Sik Chan , Huanqi Kong , Guanqing Liang

We propose a decision-analytical approach to comparing the flexibility of decision situations from the perspective of a decision-maker who exhibits constant risk-aversion over a monetary value model. Our approach is simple yet seems to be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Ross D. Shachter , Marvin Mandelbaum

We consider high-dimensional estimation problems where the number of parameters diverges with the sample size. General conditions are established for consistency, uniqueness, and asymptotic normality in both unpenalized and penalized…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Jana Gauss , Thomas Nagler

In this letter, we describe a very general procedure to obtain a causal fit of the permittivity of materials from experimental data with very few parameters. Unlike other closed forms proposed in the literature, the particularity of this…

This contribution to the debate on confidence limits focuses mostly on the case of measurements with `open likelihood', in the sense that it is defined in the text. I will show that, though a prior-free assessment of {\it confidence} is, in…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 G. D'Agostini

Many widely used models amount to an elaborate means of making up numbers--but once a number has been produced, it tends to be taken seriously and its source (the model) is rarely examined carefully. Many widely used models have little…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-28 Philip B. Stark

Empirical process theory for i.i.d. observations has emerged as a ubiquitous tool for understanding the generalization properties of various statistical problems. However, in many applications where the data exhibit temporal dependencies…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Nabarun Deb , Debarghya Mukherjee

High-dimensional Bayesian procedures often exhibit behavior that is effectively low dimensional, even when the ambient parameter space is large or infinite-dimensional. This phenomenon underlies the success of shrinkage priors,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Sayantan Banerjee

The algebra of linear and quadratic functions of basic observables on the phase space of either the free particle or the harmonic oscillator possesses a finite-dimensional anomaly. The quantization of these systems outside the critical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 M. Calixto , V. Aldaya , J. Guerrero

In this paper, we investigate the degrees of freedom ($\dof$) of penalized $\ell_1$ minimization (also known as the Lasso) for linear regression models. We give a closed-form expression of the $\dof$ of the Lasso response. Namely, we show…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-30 Charles Dossal , Maher Kachour , Jalal M. Fadili , Gabriel Peyré , Christophe Chesneau

The term "researcher degrees of freedom" (RDF), which was introduced in metascientific literature in the context of the replication crisis in science, refers to the extent of flexibility a scientist has in making decisions related to data…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-03-06 Maximilian M. Mandl , Frank Weber , Tobias Wöhrle , Anne-Laure Boulesteix

We classify (up to quasi-isomorphism) the free differential modules whose homology is equal to a given module $M$ by developing a theory for deforming an arbitrary free complex into a differential module. We use an iterative approach to…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-08-07 Maya Banks , Keller VandeBogert

For the last two decades, high-dimensional data and methods have proliferated throughout the literature. Yet, the classical technique of linear regression has not lost its usefulness in applications. In fact, many high-dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Lawrence D. Brown , Andreas Buja , Edward I. George , Linda Zhao

For physical theories, the degree of arbitrariness of a system is of great importance, and is often closely linked to the concept of degree of freedom, and for most systems this number is far from obvious. In this paper we present an easy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-01-12 Ziyang Hu

Systems design processes are increasingly reliant on simulation models to inform design decisions. A pervasive issue within the systems engineering community is trusting in the models used to make decisions about complex systems. This work…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Edward Louis , Gregory Mocko , Evan Taylor

Perplexity -- a function measuring a model's overall level of "surprise" when encountering a particular output -- has gained significant traction in recent years, both as a loss function and as a simple-to-compute metric of model quality.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Petar Veličković , Federico Barbero , Christos Perivolaropoulos , Simon Osindero , Razvan Pascanu

Model complexity is an important factor to consider when selecting among graphical models. When all variables are observed, the complexity of a model can be measured by its standard dimension, i.e. the number of independent parameters. When…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Tomas Kocka , Nevin Lianwen Zhang

Functions of one or more variables are usually approximated with a basis: a complete, linearly-independent system of functions that spans a suitable function space. The topic of this paper is the numerical approximation of functions using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-07 Ben Adcock , Daan Huybrechs

The quest for a formula that satisfactorily measures the effective degrees of freedom in kernel density estimation (KDE) is a long standing problem with few solutions. Starting from the orthogonal polynomial sequence (OPS) expansion for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Sofia Guglielmini , Igor Volobouev , Alexandre Trindade