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We study the problem of allocating $m$ indivisible items to $n$ agents with additive utilities. It is desirable for the allocation to be both fair and efficient, which we formalize through the notions of envy-freeness and Pareto-optimality.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yushi Bai , Paul Gölz

We study the existence of allocations of indivisible goods that are envy-free up to one good (EF1), under the additional constraint that each bundle needs to be connected in an underlying item graph. If the graph is a path and the utility…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Vittorio Bilò , Ioannis Caragiannis , Michele Flammini , Ayumi Igarashi , Gianpiero Monaco , Dominik Peters , Cosimo Vinci , William S. Zwicker

Fair division of indivisible goods is a very well-studied problem. The goal of this problem is to distribute $m$ goods to $n$ agents in a "fair" manner, where every agent has a valuation for each subset of goods. We assume general…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Bhaskar Ray Chaudhury , Tellikepalli Kavitha , Kurt Mehlhorn , Alkmini Sgouritsa

In fair division of indivisible goods, using sequences of sincere choices (or picking sequences) is a natural way to allocate the objects. The idea is as follows: at each stage, a designated agent picks one object among those that remain.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Aurélie Beynier , Sylvain Bouveret , Michel Lemaître , Nicolas Maudet , Simon Rey

We consider a one-sided matching problem where agents who are partitioned into disjoint classes and each class must receive fair treatment in a desired matching. This model, proposed by Benabbou et al. [2019], aims to address various…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Tomohiko Yokoyama , Ayumi Igarashi

We propose a notion of fairness for allocation problems in which different agents may have different reservation utilities, stemming from different outside options, or property rights. Fairness is usually understood as the absence of envy,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-05-12 Federico Echenique , Antonio Miralles , Jun Zhang

When allocating indivisible items, there are various ways to use monetary transfers for eliminating envy. Particularly, one can apply a balanced vector of transfer payments, or charge each agent a positive amount, or -- contrarily -- give…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Noga Klein Elmalem , Rica Gonen , Erel Segal-Halevi

We study the fair allocation of undesirable indivisible items, or chores. While the case of desirable indivisible items (or goods) is extensively studied, with many results known for different notions of fairness, less is known about the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Umang Bhaskar , A. R. Sricharan , Rohit Vaish

We study the problem of fairly allocating a set of $m$ goods among $n$ agents in the asymptotic setting, where each item's value for each agent is drawn from an underlying joint distribution. Prior works have shown that if this distribution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Jugal Garg , Vishnu V. Narayan , Yuang Eric Shen

We introduce a problem of fairly allocating indivisible goods (items) in which the agents' valuations cannot be observed directly, but instead can only be accessed via noisy queries. In the two-agent setting with Gaussian noise and bounded…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zihan Li , Yan Hao Ling , Jonathan Scarlett , Warut Suksompong

We consider the problem of reforming an envy-free matching when each agent is assigned a single item. Given an envy-free matching, we consider an operation to exchange the item of an agent with an unassigned item preferred by the agent that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Takehiro Ito , Yuni Iwamasa , Naonori Kakimura , Naoyuki Kamiyama , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yuta Nozaki , Yoshio Okamoto , Kenta Ozeki

In contrast to the classical cake-cutting problem (how to fairly divide a desirable object), "chore division" is the problem of how to divide an undesirable object. We develop the first explicit algorithm for envy-free chore division among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-03 Elisha Peterson , Francis Edward Su

We consider the problem of fair allocation of indivisible items with subsidies when agents have weighted entitlements. After highlighting several important differences from the unweighted case, we present several results concerning weighted…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Haris Aziz , Xin Huang , Kei Kimura , Indrajit Saha , Zhaohong Sun , Mashbat Suzuki , Makoto Yokoo

We study the problem of fairly allocating indivisible goods between groups of agents using the recently introduced relaxations of envy-freeness. We consider the existence of fair allocations under different assumptions on the valuations of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Maria Kyropoulou , Warut Suksompong , Alexandros A. Voudouris

We study a resource allocation setting where $m$ discrete items are to be divided among $n$ agents with additive utilities, and the agents' utilities for individual items are drawn at random from a probability distribution. Since common…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Pasin Manurangsi , Warut Suksompong

We study the problem of fairly allocating a divisible resource in the form of a graph, also known as graphical cake cutting. Unlike for the canonical interval cake, a connected envy-free allocation is not guaranteed to exist for a graphical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Sheung Man Yuen , Warut Suksompong

We consider the problem of allocating indivisible objects to agents when agents have strict preferences over objects. There are inherent trade-offs between competing notions of efficiency, fairness and incentives in assignment mechanisms.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-11-02 Priyanka Shende , Manish Purohit

We study the classic problem of \emph{fairly} dividing a heterogeneous and divisible resource -- modeled as a line segment $[0,1]$ and typically called as a \emph{cake} -- among $n$ agents. This work considers an interesting variant of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ganesh Ghalme , Xin Huang , Yuka Machino , Nidhi Rathi

We consider the classic problem of envy-free division of a heterogeneous good ("cake") among several agents. It is known that, when the allotted pieces must be connected, the problem cannot be solved by a finite algorithm for 3 or more…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Erel Segal-Halevi , Avinatan Hassidim , Yonatan Aumann

We study a discrete fair division problem where $n$ agents have additive valuation functions over a set of $m$ goods. We focus on the well-known $\alpha$-EFX fairness criterion, according to which the envy of an agent for another agent is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aris Filos-Ratsikas , Georgios Kalantzis , Alexandros A. Voudouris