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Quantum metrology overcomes standard precision limits by exploiting collective quantum superpositions of physical systems used for sensing, with the prominent example of non-classical multiphoton states improving interferometric techniques.…

Probabilistic computing excels in approximating combinatorial problems and modelling uncertainty. However, using conventional deterministic hardware for probabilistic models is challenging: (pseudo) random number generation introduces…

Subtracting accidental coincidences is a common practice quantum optics experiments. For zero mean Gaussian states, such as squeezed vacuum, we show that if one removes accidental coincidences the measurement results are quantitatively the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Eric Lantz , Fabrice Devaux , Serge Massar

Nearly 30 years ago, two-photon interference was observed, marking the beginning of a new quantum era. Indeed, two-photon interference has no classical analogue, giving it a distinct advantage for a range of applications. The peculiarities…

We report a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of quantum lithography. Utilizing the entangled nature of a two-photon state, the experimental results have bettered the classical diffraction limit by a factor of two. This is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Milena D'Angelo , Maria V. Chekhova , Yanhua H. Shih

Entangled two-photon spectroscopy is expected to provide advantages compared with classical protocols. It is achieved by coherently controlling the spectral properties of energy-entangled photons. We present here an experimental setup that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Stefan Lerch , André Stefanov

The accessible information and the informational power quantify the amount of information extractable from a quantum ensemble and by a quantum measurement, respectively. So-called spherical quantum 2-designs constitute a class of ensembles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-13 Michele Dall'Arno

For any experiment with two entangled photons, some joint measurement outcomes can have zero probability for a precise choice of basis. These perfect anti-correlations would seem to be a purely quantum phenomenon. It is therefore surprising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-12 Ken Wharton , Emily Adlam

We clarify the mathematical structure underlying unitary $t$-designs. These are sets of unitary matrices, evenly distributed in the sense that the average of any $t$-th order polynomial over the design equals the average over the entire…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Gross , K. Audenaert , J. Eisert

Quantum walks in atomic systems, owing to their continuous nature, are especially well-suited for the simulation of many-body physics and can potentially offer an exponential speedup in solving certain black box problems. Photonics offers…

Attosecond science has opened up new frontiers in our understanding of processes happening on the intrinsic timescale of electrons. The ability to manipulate and observe phenomena at the attosecond level has yielded groundbreaking insights…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Lidice Cruz-Rodriguez , Diptesh Dey , Antonia Freibert , Philipp Stammer

We present a conceptually new approach to describe state-of-the-art photonic quantum experiments using Graph Theory. There, the quantum states are given by the coherent superpositions of perfect matchings. The crucial observation is that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-08 Xuemei Gu , Manuel Erhard , Anton Zeilinger , Mario Krenn

Indistinguishable quantum emitters confined to length scales smaller than the wavelength of the light become superradiant. Compared to uncorrelated and distinguishable emitters, superradiance results in qualitative modifications of optical…

Pseudorandom circuits generate quantum states and unitary operators which are approximately distributed according to the unitarily invariant Haar measure. We explore how several design parameters affect the efficiency of pseudo-random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yaakov S. Weinstein , Winton G. Brown , Lorenza Viola

The possibility to generate and manipulate non-classical light using the tools of mature semiconductor technology carries great promise for the implementation of quantum communication science. This is indeed one of the main driving forces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-03 Rinaldo Trotta , Armando Rastelli

In this paper is presented a simple alternative model of the dual nature of light, based on the deliberate inversion of the original statement from P. A. M. Dirac: "Each photon interferes only with itself. Interference between different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-10 F. Henault

We probe the principle of complementarity by performing a double-slit experiment based on entangled photons created by spontaneous parametric down-conversion from a pump mode in a TEM01-mode. Our setup brings out the need for a careful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-07 Ralf Menzel , Robert Marx , Dirk Puhlmann , Axel Heuer , Wolfgang P. Schleich

Photons are elementary particles of light in quantum mechanics, whose dynamics can be difficult to gain detailed insights, especially in complex systems. Simulation is a promising tool to resolve this issue, but it must address the curse of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-21 Junpei Oba , Seiji Kajita , Akihito Soeda

Permutation tests are a distribution free way of performing hypothesis tests. These tests rely on the condition that the observed data are exchangeable among the groups being tested under the null hypothesis. This assumption is easily…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-14 Daniell Toth

We show that the quantum angle measurement for x-polarized photon number states results in an angle which will never correspond to the y-axis for an odd number of photons; yet for an even number of photons it always can. The analogy of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Scott Roger Shepard