Related papers: Broken spacetime symmetries and elastic variables
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a well-understood mechanism for generating distinct phases of matter. Recently, the notion of symmetry has been broadened to include operations without inverses, leading to the concept of non-invertible…
We investigate the influence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the decoherence of a many-particle quantum system. This decoherence process is analyzed in an exactly solvable model system that is known to be representative of symmetry…
We prove a strong form of spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry for a simple model of two-dimensional crystals with random defects in thermal equilibrium at low temperature. The defects consist of isolated missing atoms.
Local gauge symmetries cannot break spontaneously, according to Elitzur's theorem, but this leaves open the possibility of breaking some global subgroup of the local gauge symmetry, which is typically the gauge symmetry remaining after…
The concepts of symmetry and its breakdown are investigated in two different terms according to whether the resulting asymmetry is universal or only obtained for a special configuration: we shall illustrate this by considering in the first…
We consider extra dimensional gauge theories on an interval. We first review the derivation of the consistent boundary conditions (BC's) from the action principle. These BC's include choices that give rise to breaking of the gauge…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking generally circumvents one-dimensional systems with local interactions in thermal equilibrium. Here, we analyze a category of one-dimensional Hermitian models via local non-Hermitian constructions. Notably,…
We study the nature and mechanisms of broken ergodicity (BE) in specific random walk models corresponding to diffusion on random potential surfaces, in both one and high dimension. Using both rigorous results and nonrigorous methods, we…
This paper investigates the asymptotic behavior of structural break tests in the harmonic domain for time dependent spherical random fields. In particular, we prove a functional central limit theorem result for the fluctuations over time of…
Irreversibility and acausality of a sub-system are established in exactly soluble harmonic models with reversible and causal dynamics. It is shown that initial conditions, imposed on some dynamical degrees of freedom may break time reversal…
Fundamental constants are a cornerstone of our physical laws. Any constant varying in space and/or time would reflect the existence of an almost massless field that couples to matter. This will induce a violation of the universality of free…
The description of spontaneous symmetry breaking that underlies the connection between classically ordered objects in the thermodynamic limit and their individual quantum mechanical building blocks is one of the cornerstones of modern…
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is well understood under equilibrium conditions as a consequence of the singularity of the thermodynamic limit. How a single global orientation of the order parameter dynamically emerges from an initially…
The foundation of continuum elasticity theory is based on two general principles: (i) the force felt by a small volume element from its surrounding acts only through its surface (the Cauchy principle, justified by the fact that interactions…
In this work the spontaneous symmetry breaking in certain nonlinear theories with second-class constraints is explored. Using the Dirac's method we perform an analysis of the constraints and the counting of the degrees of freedom. The…
It has been long known that when spacetime symmetry is spontaneously broken, some of the broken generators may not give rise to independent gapless, Nambu-Goldstone excitations. We provide two complementary viewpoints of this phenomenon. On…
It has been shown previously, that the spatial thermal variation of a thermal medium can be recast as a variation in the Euclidean metric. It is now extended to temporal variations in temperature, for a non-relativistic thermal bath, which…
The definition of a nonequilibrium temperature through generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations relies on the independence of the fluctuation-dissipation temperature from the observable considered. We argue that this observable…
We derive a set of isometric fluctuation relations, which constrain the order parameter fluctuations in finite-size systems at equilibrium and in the presence of a broken symmetry. These relations are exact and should apply generally to…
The concept of (global) gauge symmetry breaking plays an important role in many areas of physics. Since the corresponding symmetry is a gauge symmetry, its breaking is actually gauge-dependent. Thus, it is possible to design gauges which…