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Certain countably and finitely additive measures can be associated to a given nonnegative supermartingale. Under weak assumptions on the underlying probability space, existence and (non)uniqueness results for such measures are proven.

Probability · Mathematics 2015-12-23 Nicolas Perkowski , Johannes Ruf

A new generalized matrix inverse is derived which is consistent with respect to arbitrary nonsingular diagonal transformations, e.g., it preserves units associated with variables under state space transformations, thus providing a general…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Jeffrey Uhlmann

There has recently been renewed recognition of the need to understand the consistency properties that must be preserved when a generalized matrix inverse is required. The most widely known generalized inverse, the Moore-Penrose…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Jeffrey Uhlmann

We study composition-valued continuous-time Markov chains that appear naturally in the framework of Chinese Restaurant Processes (CRPs). As time evolves, new customers arrive (up-step) and existing customers leave (down-step) at suitable…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-12 Dane Rogers , Matthias Winkel

We give a bare-hands approach to the martingale representation theorem for integer valued random measures, which allows for a wide class of infinite activity jump processes, as well as all processes with well-ordered jumps.

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-24 Samuel N. Cohen

We study Girsanov's theorem in the context of symmetric Markov processes, extending earlier work of Fukushima-Takeda and Fitzsimmons on Girsanov transformations of ``gradient type.'' We investigate the most general Girsanov transformation…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Z. -Q. Chen , P. J. Fitzsimmons , M. Takeda , J. Ying , T. -S. Zhang

Comparison results for Markov processes w.r.t. function class induced (integral) stochastic orders have a long history. The most general results so far for this problem have been obtained based on the theory of evolution systems on Banach…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-12 Benedikt Köpfer , Ludger Rüschendorf

The familiar second derivative test for convexity, combined with resolvent calculus, is shown to yield a useful tool for the study of convex matrix-valued functions. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach on a number of theorems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Michael Aizenman , Giorgio Cipolloni

We discuss the problem of estimating Radon-Nikodym derivatives. This problem appears in various applications, such as covariate shift adaptation, likelihood-ratio testing, mutual information estimation, and conditional probability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Duc Hoan Nguyen , Werner Zellinger , Sergei V. Pereverzyev

Some topics concerning the Gould integral are presented here: new results of integrability on finite measure spaces with values in an M-space are given, together with a Radon-Nikodym theorem relative to a Gould-type integral of real…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Domenico Candeloro , Anca Croitoru , Alina Gavrilut , Anna Rita Sambucini

The aim of this research is to reconstruct the 3D X-ray refractive index gradient maps by the proposed vector Radon transform and its inverse, assuming that the small-angle deviation condition is met. Theoretical analyses show that the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Keliang Liao , Qili He , Panyun Li , Liang Luo , Peiping Zhu

This paper is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of the reinforced elephant random walk (RERW) using a martingale approach. In the diffusive and critical regimes, we establish the almost sure convergence, the law of iterated logarithm and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-30 Lucile Laulin

In a preceding article, we have studied a generalization of the problem of finding a martingale on a manifold whose terminal value is known. This article completes the results obtained in the first article by providing uniqueness and…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Fabrice Blache

We consider the problem of identity testing of Markov chain transition matrices based on a single trajectory of observations under the distance notion introduced by Daskalakis et al. [2018a] and further analyzed by Cherapanamjeri and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-14 Sela Fried , Geoffrey Wolfer

This thesis examines edge-reinforced random walks with some modifications to the standard definition. An overview of known results relating to the standard model is given and the proof of recurrence for the standard linearly edge-reinforced…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Fabian Michel

The details of second-order partial derivatives of rigid-body Inverse/Forward dynamics are provided. Several properties and identities using Spatial Vector Algebra are listed, along with their detailed derivations. The expressions build…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Shubham Singh , Ryan P. Russell , Patrick M. Wensing

Using nonstandard analysis, an intuitive and very short proof of the Radon-Nikodym theorem is provided

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Takashi Matsunaga

We consider the motion of a particle on a Galton Watson tree, when the probabilities of jumping from a vertex to any one of its neighbours is determined by a random process. Given the tree, positive weights are assigned to the edges in such…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-02 A. D. Barbour , A. Collevecchio

Based on a weak convergence argument, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees that a nonnegative local martingale is indeed a martingale. Typically, conditions of this sort are expressed in terms of integrability…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-04-24 Jose Blanchet , Johannes Ruf

We present a simple stochastic integral representation for the local times of the height process of a spectrally positive Levy process stopped at a hitting time. From the representation we derive a strong stochastic equation for the local…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Pei-Sen Li , Zenghu Li , Wenjing Zhang