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A general quantum constraint of the form $C= - \partial_T^2 \otimes B - I\otimes H$ (realized in particular in Loop Quantum Cosmology models) is studied. Group Averaging is applied to define the Hilbert space of solutions and the relational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-14 Wojciech Kaminski , Jerzy Lewandowski , Tomasz Pawlowski

We prove a continuation condition in the context of 3+1 dimensional vacuum Einstein gravity in Constant Mean extrinsic Curvature (CMC) gauge. More precisely, we obtain quantitative criteria under which the physical spacetime can be extended…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-10 Oswaldo Vazquez , Puskar Mondal

We perform, in a manifestly $SO(n-1,1)$ [$SO(n)$] covariant fashion, the Hamiltonian analysis of general relativity in $n$ dimensions written as a constrained $BF$ theory. We solve the constraint on the $B$ field in a way naturally adapted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-07 Merced Montesinos , Ricardo Escobedo , Mariano Celada

The $(3 + 1)$-dimensional (generalized) Dirac equation is shown to have the same form as the equation expressing the condition that a given point lies on a given line in 3-dimensional projective space. The resulting Hamiltonian with a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-03-16 Y. Jack Ng , H. van Dam

We develop a Hamiltonian formulation of the Bianchi type I space-time in conformal gravity, i.e. the theory described by a Lagrangian that is defined by the contracted quadratic product of the Weyl tensor, in a four-dimensional space-time.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Demaret , L. Querella , C. Scheen

In this review we discuss the connection between two seemingly disparate topics, macroscopic gravity on astrophysical scales and Hamiltonians that are not Hermitian but $PT$ symmetric on microscopic ones. In particular we show that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Philip D. Mannheim

If one replaces the constraints of the Ashtekar-Barbero $SU(2)$ gauge theory formulation of Euclidean gravity by their $U(1)^3$ version, one arrives at a consistent model which captures significant structure of its $SU(2)$ version. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-21 Sepideh Bakhoda , Thomas Thiemann

Previous work in the literature has studied the Hamiltonian structure of an R-squared model of gravity with torsion in a closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. Within the framework of Dirac's theory, torsion is found to lead to a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Giampiero Esposito , Gabriele Gionti , Giuseppe Marmo , Cosimo Stornaiolo

We investigate a large class of gravity theories that respect spatial covariance, and involve kinetic terms for both the spatial metric and the lapse function. Generally such kind of theories propagate four degrees of freedom, one of which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-16 Xian Gao , Zhi-Bang Yao

Motivated by situations with temporal evolution and spatial symmetries both singled out, we develop a new 2+1+1 decomposition of spacetime, based on a nonorthogonal double foliation. Time evolution proceeds along the leaves of the spatial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-05 Cecília Gergely , Zoltán Keresztes , László Á. Gergely

We analyse two principal approaches to the quantization of physical models worked out to date. There are the Faddeev-Popov "heuristic" approach, based on fixing a gauge in the FP path integrals formalism, and the "fundamental" approach by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Leonid Lantsman

The Hamiltonian approach to cosmological perturbations in general relativity in finite space-time is developed, where a cosmological scale factor is identified with spatial averaging the metric determinant logarithm. This identification…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 B. M. Barbashov , V. N. Pervushin , A. F. Zakharov , V. A. Zinchuk

We discuss the Hamiltonian formulation of gravity in 4-dimensional spacetime under Bondi-like coordinates ${v, r, x^a, a=2, 3}$. In Bondi-like coordinates, the 3-dimensional hypersurface is a null hypersurface and the evolution direction is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-19 Chao-Guang Huang , Shi-Bei Kong

We study the Hamiltonian formalism for second order and fourth order nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations. In the case of second order equation, we consider cubic and logarithmic nonlinearities. Since the Lagrangians generating these…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-04-04 Ali Pazarci , Umut Can Turhan , Nader Ghazanfari , Ilmar Gahramanov

We study the Hamiltonian formulation of Plebanski theory in both the Euclidean and Lorentzian cases. A careful analysis of the constraints shows that the system is non regular, i.e. the rank of the Dirac matrix is non-constant on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 E. Buffenoir , M. Henneaux , K. Noui , Ph. Roche

We propose an exact Hamiltonian lattice theory for (2+1)-dimensional spacetimes with homogeneous curvature. By gauging away the lattice we find a generalization of the ``polygon representation'' of (2+1)-dimensional gravity. We compute the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Criscuolo , H. Waelbroeck

In this paper we present a theory of the gravitational field where this field (a kind of square root of g) is represented by a (1,1)-extensor field h describing a plastic distortion of the Lorentz vacuum (a real substance that lives in a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Virginia V. Fernandez , Waldyr A. Rodrigues

We present in this paper the formalism for the splitting of a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold by a set of time-like integral curves. Introducing the geometrical tensors characterizing the local spatial frames induced by the congruence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-27 Xavier Roy

The Hamiltonian constraint remains the major unsolved problem in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). Seven years ago a mathematically consistent candidate Hamiltonian constraint has been proposed but there are still several unsettled questions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-18 Thomas Thiemann

In this paper, we argue in favor of first-order homogeneous Lagrangians in the velocities. The relevant form of such Lagrangians is discussed and justified physically and geometrically. Such Lagrangian systems possess Reparametrization…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-04-23 V. G. Gueorguiev , Andre Maeder