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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various NLP tasks and have recently expanded their impact to coding tasks, bridging the gap between natural languages (NL) and programming languages (PL). This…
A general theory of programs, programming and programming languages built up from a few concepts of elementary set theory. Derives, as theorems, properties treated as axioms by classic approaches to programming. Covers sequential and…
Dynamic software adaptability is one of the central features leveraged by autonomic computing. However, developing software that changes its behavior at run time adapting to the operational conditions is a challenging task. Several…
Explanations of cognitive behavior often appeal to computations over representations. What does it take for a system to implement a given computation over suitable representational vehicles within that system? We argue that the language of…
Modern day system developers have some serious problems to contend with. The systems they develop are becoming increasingly complex as customers demand richer functionality delivered in ever shorter timescales. They have to manage a huge…
For security and privacy management and enforcement purposes, various policy languages have been presented. We give an overview on 27 security and privacy policy languages and present a categorization framework for policy languages. We show…
Design patterns are distilled from many real systems to catalog common programming practice. However, some object-oriented design patterns are distorted or overly complicated because of the lack of supporting programming language constructs…
Programming languages serve a dual purpose: to communicate programs to computers, and to communicate programs to humans. Indeed, it is this dual purpose that makes programming language design a constrained and challenging problem.…
Modern software systems are becoming increasingly complex and opaque. The integration of explanations within software has shown the potential to address this opacity and can make the system more understandable to end-users. As a result,…
Motivated by algorithmic information theory, the problem of program discovery can help find candidates of underlying generative mechanisms of natural and artificial phenomena. The uncomputability of such inverse problem, however,…
Computational morphology handles the language processing at the word level. It is one of the foundational tasks in the NLP pipeline for the development of higher level NLP applications. It mainly deals with the processing of words and word…
Efficient processing of large-scale graphs in distributed environments has been an increasingly popular topic of research in recent years. Inter-connected data that can be modeled as graphs arise in application domains such as machine…
Language models and conversational systems are growing increasingly advanced, creating outputs that may be mistaken for humans. Consumers may thus be misled by advertising, media reports, or vagueness regarding the role of automation in the…
A multitude of different probabilistic programming languages exists today, all extending a traditional programming language with primitives to support modeling of complex, structured probability distributions. Each of these languages…
Description logics are knowledge representation languages that have been designed to strike a balance between expressivity and computational tractability. Many different description logics have been developed, and numerous computational…
This is a survey on the programming languages: C++, JavaScript, AspectJ, C#, Haskell, Java, PHP, Scala, Scheme, and BPEL. Our survey work involves a comparative study of these ten programming languages with respect to the following…
Programming languages development has intensified in recent years. New ones are created; new features, often cross-paradigm, are featured in old ones. This new programming landscape makes language selection a more complex decision, both…
"Natural Language," whether spoken and attended to by humans, or processed and generated by computers, requires networked structures that reflect creative processes in semantic, syntactic, phonetic, linguistic, social, emotional, and…
Consensus is an often occurring problem in concurrent and distributed programming. We present a programming language with simple semantics and build-in support for consensus in the form of communicating transactions. We motivate the need…
Part of the theory of logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning concerns the study of fixed-point semantics for these paradigms. Several different semantics have been proposed during the last two decades, and some have been more…